[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-056":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基本護理學與護理行政-056","nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-056",108,2,56,"有關臨終病人的生理變化，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"由身體中心往肢體末端方向逐漸冰冷蒼白","出現全身盜汗，周邊血管收縮","視覺是最後消失的感覺","頸動脈比心尖脈較晚消失","B",null,[],"本題考點為臨終病人的生理變化辨識。依瀕死生理，心輸出量與周邊灌流下降時，交感代償使周邊血管收縮，加上代謝失調，臨終常見皮膚濕冷、盜汗（diaphoresis）與周邊血管收縮，故B正確、為答案。A冰冷蒼白的方向是「由肢體末端往身體中心」逐漸進展（末梢先冷），而非由中心往末端，方向敘述相反，錯誤。C最後消失的感覺是「聽覺」而非視覺，這是安寧照護中「病人仍聽得見、應持續溫和交談」的重要依據，錯誤。D心尖脈與大動脈（如頸動脈）搏動會較周邊脈搏晚消失，正確說法應為頸動脈比周邊晚消失、心尖搏動最後才停，D的比較敘述不當。","瀕死生理變化可整組記憶：循環衰竭使末梢先冷、發紺、出現花斑（mottling），血壓下降、脈搏快而弱且不規則；呼吸出現陳-施氏呼吸（Cheyne-Stokes）與臨終喉鳴（death rattle）；肌張力鬆弛致大小便失禁、下顎鬆弛；感覺以聽覺最後消失。「聽覺最後消失」是安寧溝通的金科玉律，提醒團隊在床邊避免不當言語並持續給予聽覺陪伴。記憶：「先冷四肢、聽覺最後走」。可連結概念：周邊灌流不足、Cheyne-Stokes 呼吸、臨終喉鳴、安寧感官照護。",[25,28,31,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"臨終生理變化",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"聽覺最後消失",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"周邊血管收縮與盜汗",1,{"term":35,"count":33},"末梢先冷方向",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-057","下列何項行為對於護理專業形象會產生不良影響？",57,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":33},"nurse-109-1-fundamental-nursing-073","當單位內因占床率低時，在不違背勞動基準法規範下，要求護理人員拿休假不必來上班，此來自於管理者具有下列何種權力？",73,109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":33},"nurse-110-1-fundamental-nursing-007","有關病人症狀（symptoms）資料的敘述，下列何者正確？",7,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":33},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-045","有關鼻胃管灌食造成的副作用，下列敘述何者正確？",45,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-fundamental-nursing-009","林先生是初診斷為糖尿病的病人，下列護理工作何者為協同性或相互依賴性護理功能？",9,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-023","有關移動病人並協助擺位，下列敘述何者正確？",23,113,"2026-09-04",1788510706001]