[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-038":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-108-2-基本護理學與護理行政-038","nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-038",108,2,38,"有關排便機轉之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"當直腸內壓力接受器受到刺激，此訊息會傳導到骨盆之排便反射中樞","排便反射中樞位於人體腰椎 L3～L4，可將訊息傳至骨盆神經","骨盆神經之副交感神經傳導，使肛門之內、外括約肌放鬆而排便","骨盆神經之交感神經傳導刺激，使得直腸放鬆而排便","A",null,[],"本題考點為排便反射的神經生理機轉。糞便進入直腸使腸壁擴張、刺激直腸的壓力接受器,此訊息傳入排便反射中樞而啟動排便反射,A敘述方向正確,選A。B錯:排便反射中樞位於薦髓(S2～S4),而非腰椎L3～L4。C錯:副交感(骨盆神經)傳導使直腸收縮、肛門「內」括約肌放鬆,但「外」括約肌屬隨意肌、受陰部神經意識控制,不因副交感而自動放鬆。D錯:排便由副交感興奮促直腸收縮完成,並非交感傳導使直腸放鬆;交感作用反而抑制排便。四者中僅A正確描述壓力受器受刺激後訊息傳向反射中樞。","排便反射:直腸擴張刺激壓力受器,經骨盆內臟神經傳入薦髓(S2-4)排便反射中樞,副交感傳出使乙狀結腸、直腸收縮、肛門內括約肌(不隨意平滑肌)放鬆;外括約肌(隨意橫紋肌,陰部神經)可意識控制以延遲或允許排便,並配合Valsalva用力。交感神經作用相反:抑制蠕動、收縮內括約肌以「儲便」。記憶對比:「副交感促排便,交感主儲便」。外括約肌隨意控制是如廁訓練與生物回饋的生理基礎。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"副交感神經",{"term":28,"count":29},"排便反射",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"薦髓排便中樞",{"term":33,"count":29},"肛門括約肌",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-039","下列何種臥位不適合意識不清病人口鼻腔分泌物之引流？",39,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-fundamental-nursing-055","王太太，因癌症 10 天前接受化學治療，口腔內雙頰與上顎出現白斑與破損，且口腔疼痛不敢進食，下列措施何者最適合王太太？",55,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-069","依據我國傳染病防治法第 3 條規定，下列何者不屬於須 24 小時內完成通報之第五類傳染病？",69,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-027","針對冷敷應用的描述，下列何者錯誤？",27,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-112-1-fundamental-nursing-071","從 N1 要晉升 N2，下列何者是必須完成的項目之一？",71,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-113-2-fundamental-nursing-005","劉先生對護理人員抱怨說：「我受夠了每天做那麼多復健，醫生來看我的次數又那麼少，我很不滿」，下列何者為最合宜的回應？",5,113,"2026-09-04",1788510705835]