[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-077":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-077","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-077",108,2,77,"下列關於感染結核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）的敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"細菌生長非常快速，分裂一代約 15～20 分鐘","卡介苗（BCG）是一種減毒疫苗，通常在年幼時施打","抗酸性染色法（acid-fast stain）最主要是偵測細菌 16S rRNA","目前常以單一種抗生素治療結核分枝桿菌之感染","B",null,[],"本題考點為結核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）的特性與防治。依微生物學，卡介苗（BCG）為牛型結核桿菌減毒製成的活性減毒疫苗，通常於嬰幼兒時期接種以降低重症結核風險，故 B 正確。（A）結核桿菌生長極為緩慢，分裂一代約 18～24 小時而非 15～20 分鐘，敘述錯誤。（C）抗酸性染色偵測的是細胞壁富含的分枝菌酸（mycolic acid）使其抗酸不褪色，並非 16S rRNA，敘述錯誤。（D）為避免抗藥性，結核治療須多種抗生素合併使用（如 RIPE 四聯），單一藥物治療錯誤。","分枝桿菌的細胞壁富含分枝菌酸，賦予抗酸染色（Ziehl-Neelsen）特性、對乾燥與消毒的抵抗力，及生長緩慢的代謝特徵。防治要點串記：疫苗＝BCG 減毒活菌、嬰幼兒接種；診斷染色＝抗酸法看分枝菌酸；治療＝多藥合併（Rifampin、Isoniazid、Pyrazinamide、Ethambutol）長療程以防抗藥。本題三個錯項分別踩到生長速率、染色標的與單藥治療三個常考誤解，唯 BCG 敘述無誤。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"結核分枝桿菌",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"卡介苗(BCG)減毒活疫苗",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"分枝菌酸抗酸染色",{"term":34,"count":30},"生長緩慢",{"term":36,"count":30},"多藥合併治療",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-078","下列何種不是常見感染皮膚、毛髮及指甲（cutaneous mycoses）的黴菌？",78,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-014","下列有關腮腺的敘述，何者錯誤？",14,109,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":30},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-028","12 歲的王同學因為外傷造成兩側睪丸嚴重受損被迫切除，下列何者為手術後的生理變化？",28,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":30},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-066","下列關於細胞激素（cytokine）的敘述何者錯誤？",66,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":27},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-040","長期使用免疫抑制劑 Cyclosporine 治療自體免疫疾病，可能引發下列何種副作用？",40,112,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":30},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種藥物可調節血清素（serotonin）神經傳遞系統，達到抗憂鬱效果？",34,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705472]