[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-071","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-071",108,2,71,"對反轉錄病毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"具有套膜的 RNA 病毒","主含三種基因：gag、pol 及 env","其 RNA 為負股（negative strand）","具特殊的反轉錄聚合酶","C",null,[],"本題考點為反轉錄病毒（retrovirus）的基因體特性。依病毒學，反轉錄病毒為具套膜的 RNA 病毒，攜帶兩條正股（positive strand）RNA，經反轉錄酶轉為 DNA 再嵌入宿主基因體，故 C 稱其 RNA 為負股即為錯誤，選 C。（A）具套膜的 RNA 病毒，正確。（B）主要含 gag（結構蛋白）、pol（酵素）、env（套膜醣蛋白）三大基因，正確。（D）具特有的反轉錄酶（RNA 依賴性 DNA 聚合酶），正確。","反轉錄病毒（如 HIV）流程：正股 RNA→反轉錄酶合成互補 DNA→形成雙股前病毒 DNA→integrase 嵌入宿主基因體→轉錄產生子代 RNA。其為正股 RNA 但『不』直接當 mRNA 轉譯，而是先反轉錄，這點與一般正股 RNA 病毒不同，也是易混淆處。記憶三基因：gag（核衣殼）、pol（RT／integrase／protease）、env（gp120\u002Fgp41）。抓住『正股 RNA＋先反轉錄』即可判 C 的負股敘述為誤。",[25,27,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":11},"反轉錄酶",{"term":28,"count":29},"反轉錄病毒",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"正股 RNA",{"term":33,"count":29},"gag\u002Fpol\u002Fenv",{"term":35,"count":29},"前病毒嵌入",[37,41,46,51,56,62],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-072","下列對病毒的敘述何者錯誤？",72,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-008","拔牙前，醫生進行局部麻醉以阻斷下列何者之傳導來減少疼痛？",8,109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-022","有關靜止膜電位（resting membrane potential）之敘述，下列何者正確？",22,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-060","下列何種藥物具有止吐作用，常合併 metoclopramide 以增強止吐的作用？",60,111,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":61},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-034","下列有關 Propranolol 特性和作用之敘述，何者錯誤？",34,112,3,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-028","下列何者為快速進行性腎絲球腎炎（rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis）最主要的病理變化？",28,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705420]