[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-064":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-064","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-064",108,2,64,"服用下列何種藥物，須注意病人的視力是否有異常？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"ethambutol","gentamicin","itraconazole","vancomycin","A",null,[],"本題考點為抗結核藥 ethambutol 的特徵性毒性。依藥理學，ethambutol 最重要且具劑量相關性的不良反應為視神經炎，表現為視力模糊、辨色力（尤其紅綠色）下降，用藥期間須定期監測視力，故選 A。（B）gentamicin 屬 aminoglycoside，主要毒性為耳毒性與腎毒性，非視力異常。（C）itraconazole 屬 azole 類抗黴菌藥，須注意肝毒性與藥物交互作用，與視力無特定關聯。（D）vancomycin 主要副作用為腎毒性、耳毒性及輸注過快之紅人症候群，亦非視神經影響。","ethambutol 干擾分枝桿菌細胞壁 arabinogalactan 合成，其視神經炎屬可逆但需早期停藥。抗結核四聯用藥各有標記毒性，可用口訣分辨：Ethambutol＝Eye（視神經）、Isoniazid＝周邊神經病變（需併 B6）、Rifampin＝紅橘色分泌物與肝毒性、Pyrazinamide＝高尿酸與肝毒性。把『E 對眼』單獨記住，遇到『監測視力』即可鎖定 ethambutol，避免與 aminoglycoside 的耳腎毒性混淆。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":15,"count":26},1,{"term":28,"count":26},"視神經炎",{"term":30,"count":26},"辨色力障礙",{"term":32,"count":26},"抗結核藥物毒性",{"term":34,"count":26},"aminoglycoside 耳腎毒性",[36,40,44,49,54,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-065","培養無致病性的肺炎雙球菌時，添加已死亡之致病性肺炎雙球菌的何種物質，會使其成為有致病性的細菌？",65,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":26,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-001","左季肋區器官因肋骨刺入而大出血，下列何者最可能受損？",109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":26},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是由腹膜（peritoneum）衍生形成的構造？",15,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":26},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-053","下列抗生素中，何者不會作用在細菌的核糖體上？",53,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-027","鼻咽癌那一種組織形態對放射線治療敏感性最好、效果最佳？",27,112,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-021","有關急性發炎反應（acute inflammation）的敘述，下列何者正確？",21,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705372]