[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-057":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-057","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-057",108,2,57,"在藥物作用於受體層次上，重複給予下列何者藥物，不會造成 β-腎上腺素受體去敏感性？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"propranolol","terbutaline","norepinephrine","isoproterenol","A",null,[],"本題考點在受體去敏感化與致效劑、拮抗劑的關係。依受體藥理學，β腎上腺素受體的去敏感化（減敏、內化下調）是持續受『致效劑』刺激所引發的適應性反應，故重複給予terbutaline（β2致效劑，B）、norepinephrine（C）、isoproterenol（β致效劑，D）都會造成受體去敏感。A的propranolol為β受體拮抗劑，本身不活化受體、不觸發去敏感化，長期使用反而使受體上調（up-regulation），故選A為不會造成去敏感者。","去敏感化機轉：致效劑持續刺激使β受體被GRK磷酸化、結合β-arrestin而與G蛋白解偶聯並內化，反應遞減。拮抗劑則相反，長期阻斷使受體代償性上調——這正是β阻斷劑不可驟停、以免反彈性心搏過速與血壓上升的藥理基礎。記憶口訣：『被踩久了會麻木（致效劑減敏）、被綁久了會增生（拮抗劑上調）』。可連結：β-arrestin、GRK磷酸化、受體內化下調、β阻斷劑停藥反彈。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"受體去敏感化由致效劑引發",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"propranolol為β拮抗劑",{"term":31,"count":27},"拮抗劑致受體上調",{"term":33,"count":27},"β-arrestin與受體內化",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-058","下列何種藥物屬於腸刺激或腸興奮劑，可作為瀉劑？",58,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-074","下列何種細胞激素是活化巨噬細胞使其產生一氧化氮合成酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase）、一氧化氮（NO）以及活性氧化物（ROS）的最佳因子？",74,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-008","下列關於內分泌細胞的敘述，何者錯誤？",8,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-046","下列有關妊娠滋養層疾病（Gestational trophoblastic disease）之敘述，何者錯誤？",46,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-020","下列何者為微粒（micelle）在消化系統中的主要功能？",20,112,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-014","下列何者屬於彈性動脈？",14,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705311]