[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-055","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-055",108,2,55,"下列何種藥物無法幫助戒除酒癮？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"disulfiram","methadone","naltrexone","acamprosate","B",null,[],"本題考點在辨識戒酒與戒鴉片藥物的適應症。依藥理學，disulfiram抑制乙醛去氫酶使飲酒後乙醛堆積產生不適以嚇阻飲酒（A）、naltrexone阻斷鴉片受體減少飲酒帶來的獎賞快感（C）、acamprosate調節麩胺酸與GABA平衡降低戒斷渴求（D），三者皆用於酒癮治療。B的methadone為長效鴉片受體致效劑，用於鴉片類（如海洛因）成癮的替代治療，並非戒除酒癮，故選B。","酒癮三藥各有切點：disulfiram走『嫌惡療法』（喝了就難受）、naltrexone走『減少獎賞』（喝了不爽快）、acamprosate走『穩定戒斷神經興奮』。methadone則屬鴉片替代療法，與naltrexone對鴉片受體『一個活化、一個阻斷』方向相反。記憶要訣：戒酒『disulfiram、naltrexone、acamprosate』；methadone是戒海洛因用的替代劑，別混。可連結：乙醛去氫酶、鴉片受體拮抗vs致效、麩胺酸GABA平衡、替代療法。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"戒酒藥disulfiram\u002Fnaltrexone\u002Facamprosate",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"methadone為鴉片替代療法",{"term":31,"count":27},"乙醛去氫酶抑制",{"term":33,"count":27},"鴉片受體致效vs拮抗",[35,39,44,49,54,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-056","有關治療肺結核藥物 isoniazid 的藥理作用相關敘述，下列何者錯誤？",56,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-072","下列有關中華肝吸蟲（Clonorchis sinensis）之敘述，何者正確？",72,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-006","下列那個胃腺細胞，主要產生鹽酸與內在因子？",6,110,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-044","下列那一項因素與波雷特氏食道（Barrett esophagus）發生腺癌（adenocarcinoma）最有關係？",44,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":59},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-018","當物質經腎臟排出至尿液的量大於其腎絲球過濾率（glomerular filtration rate）時，則表示該物質在腎臟中經過下列何種處理？",18,112,3,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-012","關於腦下垂體（pituitary gland）的描述，下列何者錯誤？",12,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705296]