[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-049","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-049",108,2,49,"下列何種藥物最常用來治療良性前列腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"phenylephrine","phentolamine","dobutamine","tamsulosin","D",null,[],"本題考點在良性攝護腺肥大的藥理治療機轉。依藥理學，tamsulosin為選擇性α1腎上腺素受體阻斷劑，可鬆弛攝護腺與膀胱頸的平滑肌、降低尿道阻力以改善排尿，是常用治療藥物，故選D。A的phenylephrine為α1致效劑，反而收縮平滑肌使症狀惡化。B的phentolamine為非選擇性α阻斷劑，選擇性差、心血管副作用多，非首選。C的dobutamine為β1致效劑，作用於心臟強心，與攝護腺排尿無關，故皆不適用。","攝護腺與膀胱頸平滑肌張力由α1A受體主導，tamsulosin對α1A亞型較具選擇性，能鬆弛下泌尿道而較少影響血壓。另一治療軸線為5α-還原酶抑制劑（如finasteride），阻斷睪固酮轉為雙氫睪固酮以縮小腺體。記憶口訣：『-sin』結尾的α阻斷劑（tamsulosin、doxazosin）鬆平滑肌治排尿；α致效劑（phenylephrine）方向相反反而收縮。可連結：α1A受體、膀胱頸平滑肌、5α-還原酶抑制劑、雙氫睪固酮。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"tamsulosin為α1阻斷劑",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"α1A受體鬆弛膀胱頸平滑肌",{"term":31,"count":27},"phenylephrine為α致效劑",{"term":33,"count":27},"5α-還原酶抑制劑對比",[35,39,44,48,53,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-050","下列何者不是使用嗎啡類藥物（opioids）常見之副作用？",50,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-066","有關以念珠菌呈色培養基（CHROMagar Candida）做鑑別培養上的敘述何者錯誤？",66,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-080","沙門氏菌屬（Salmonella spp.）主要的感染途徑為何？",80,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-038","下列何種肝炎病毒，只能在 B 型肝炎病毒存在的情況下共同感染？",38,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-012","有關激素（hormone）的敘述，下列何者正確？",12,112,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-006","特定微血管區段之微血管靜水壓（capillary hydrostatic pressure）為24 mmHg、組織間隙靜水壓（interstitial hydrostatic pressure）為0 mmHg、微血管滲透壓（capillary colloid osmotic pressure）為12 mmHg、組織間隙滲透壓（interstitial colloid osmotic pressure）為2 mmHg，則該處微血管液流動形式及總驅動力（net filtration pressure）分別為何？",6,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705231]