[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-048","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-048",108,2,48,"類風濕性關節炎的病理特徵為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"關節滑膜的增生和發炎，造成關節軟骨腐蝕，形成血管翳（pannus）的肉芽組織及纖維化，因而影響關節活動","關節軟骨出現變性（degeneration），使軟骨磨損，產生發炎反應或骨刺","常發生於中軸骨關節的慢性發炎","尿酸晶體沉積在關節內，導致肉芽腫發炎反應","A",null,[],"本題考點在類風濕性關節炎的病理特徵辨識。依風濕病理學，類風濕性關節炎為自體免疫發炎，關節滑膜增生發炎、形成血管翳（pannus）的肉芽組織，逐漸侵蝕破壞關節軟骨與骨質並造成纖維化，影響關節活動，故選A。B描述軟骨退化磨損、骨刺形成，屬退化性關節炎（骨關節炎）。C為中軸關節慢性發炎，屬僵直性脊椎炎。D尿酸結晶沉積引發發炎，屬痛風，皆非類風濕性關節炎的病理特徵。","類風濕性關節炎核心是滑膜發炎增生形成『血管翳』——這團含發炎細胞、新生血管的肉芽組織像侵蝕性外套包住並啃食軟骨與骨。免疫上與類風濕因子、抗CCP抗體、TNF-α相關，好發對稱性小關節、晨僵。記憶對比：類風濕＝滑膜血管翳（發炎侵蝕）；骨關節炎＝軟骨磨損骨刺（退化）；僵直性脊椎炎＝中軸；痛風＝尿酸結晶。可連結：血管翳pannus、抗CCP抗體、TNF-α、對稱性小關節晨僵。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"類風濕性關節炎血管翳",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"滑膜增生發炎",{"term":31,"count":27},"軟骨侵蝕",{"term":33,"count":27},"與骨關節炎\u002F僵直性脊椎炎\u002F痛風鑑別",[35,39,44,48,53,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-049","下列何種藥物最常用來治療良性前列腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia）？",49,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-065","下列對弧菌（Vibrio）的敘述，何者為正確？",65,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-079","有關流行性感冒病毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",79,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-037","Heinz 氏小體是一種氧化的血紅素，下列何種溶血性貧血的紅血球內最常見到 Heinz 氏小體？",37,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-011","細胞膜外側表面的盞醣（glycocalyx）最主要的功能為何？",11,112,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-005","在人類胚胎期，下列何種激素最可能直接刺激外生殖構造發育為男性？",5,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705221]