[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-047":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-047","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-047",108,2,47,"下列關於急性腎小管傷害（acute tubular injury, ATI）的敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"臨床上可能造成少尿（\u003C 400 ml\u002Fday）","缺血（ischemia）為常見的原因之一","一些重金屬或有機溶劑亦可能造成急性腎小管傷害","典型病理會出現絲球體壞死","D",null,[],"本題考點在急性腎小管傷害（ATI）的病變部位與臨床表現。依腎臟病理學，ATI傷害的是腎小管上皮，缺血或腎毒性物質造成小管細胞壞死、脫落阻塞管腔，臨床可致少尿（\u003C400 ml\u002Fday，A正確），缺血是常見原因（B正確），重金屬與有機溶劑等腎毒素亦可致病（C正確）。D錯誤在部位：ATI的典型病理是『腎小管』壞死，而非『腎絲球』壞死；腎絲球在ATI中通常相對完好，故D為錯誤敘述。","ATI分缺血型與腎毒型兩大類：缺血型好侵近端小管直段與亨利氏環升枝厚段（耗氧高、對缺氧敏感）；腎毒型如胺基糖苷類、顯影劑、重金屬。脫落的小管細胞與Tamm-Horsfall蛋白形成顆粒狀或棕色管型。記憶要訣：ATI是『管』的病不是『球』的病；看到題目說腎絲球壞死就要警覺方向錯了。可連結：近端小管缺氧敏感、棕色顆粒管型、少尿期與多尿恢復期、腎毒性藥物。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"急性腎小管傷害部位在腎小管",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"缺血與腎毒性病因",{"term":31,"count":27},"少尿定義\u003C400ml\u002Fday",{"term":33,"count":27},"腎絲球相對完好",[35,39,44,48,53,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-048","類風濕性關節炎的病理特徵為何？",48,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-064","有關停經後雌性激素替代治療（postmenopausal estrogen replacement）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",64,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-078","人類免疫不全病毒（HIV）可感染何種細胞，而造成免疫不全症候群？",78,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-036","社區型急性肺炎（community-acquired acute pneumonia）最常由下列何種微生物的感染所引起？",36,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-010","支配橫膈（diaphragm）的神經主要源自：",10,112,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-004","下列有關褪黑激素（melatonin）的敘述，何者錯誤？",4,114,"2026-09-04",1788510705217]