[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-044":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-044","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-044",108,2,44,"下列何者為常見的小球性（microcytic）貧血的原因？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"缺鐵性貧血","葉酸缺乏性貧血","維生素 B12 攝取缺乏性貧血","內在因子（intrinsic factor）缺乏的惡性貧血（pernicious anemia）","A",null,[],"本題考點在小球性貧血與大球性貧血的病因分類。依血液學，小球性（microcytic，MCV下降）貧血最常見於血紅素合成不足，缺鐵性貧血因鐵質不足使血紅素減少、紅血球變小，正是典型代表，故選A。B葉酸缺乏、C維生素B12攝取不足、D因內在因子缺乏的惡性貧血，皆屬DNA合成障礙導致的大球性（macrocytic）貧血，紅血球體積反而增大，與小球性方向相反，故非本題答案。","以MCV分三類最好記：小球性看『血紅素蓋不成』——缺鐵、地中海型貧血、慢性病貧血、鐵芽細胞性；大球性看『DNA做不出』——B12與葉酸缺乏使核成熟落後於細胞質；正球性則見於急性失血、溶血。惡性貧血是自體免疫破壞胃壁細胞、內在因子缺乏致B12吸收不良，屬大球性。記憶口訣：『鐵地慢鐵芽』小、『B12葉酸』大。可連結：MCV分類、血紅素合成、DNA合成障礙、內在因子。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"小球性貧血",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"缺鐵性貧血血紅素合成不足",{"term":31,"count":27},"大球性貧血B12與葉酸缺乏",{"term":33,"count":27},"MCV分類",[35,39,44,48,53,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-045","關於胃腸道基質瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",45,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-061","下列何者為目前唯一可用於治療肌萎縮性側索硬化症之藥物？",61,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-075","下列關於披衣菌（Chlamydiaceae）的敘述，何者正確？",75,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-033","細胞壞死（Necrosis）時，最早會出現：",33,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":58},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-007","下列何者不會通過肝門（porta hepatis）？",7,112,3,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":27,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-001","心肌的肌內質網主要受何者刺激而釋放鈣離子？",114,"2026-09-04",1788510705184]