[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-040","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-040",108,2,40,"下列何者不是痔瘡發生常見的原因？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"動脈粥狀硬化","肝硬化","長期便秘","懷孕","A",null,[],"本題考點在痔瘡的成因與其血管解剖基礎。依病理生理，痔瘡是肛門直腸靜脈叢因壓力升高而充血曲張所致，故任何增加該區靜脈壓的因素都是危險因子：肝硬化造成門脈高壓（B）、長期便秘用力解便（C）、懷孕子宮壓迫與血流增加（D）皆會升高靜脈壓，屬常見原因。A動脈粥狀硬化是動脈壁脂質斑塊病變，屬動脈系統疾病，與靜脈叢曲張的成因無關，故非痔瘡常見原因。","痔瘡本質是靜脈性病變而非動脈病變，關鍵在肛門直腸靜脈叢缺乏靜脈瓣、易受腹內壓與門脈壓影響。門脈高壓時的門體側枝循環，也解釋為何肝硬化與痔瘡、食道靜脈曲張相關。記憶要訣：凡『把靜脈壓往上頂』的（便秘用力、懷孕、腹水門脈高壓、久坐久站）都致痔，動脈硬化管的是另一套系統。可連結：肛門直腸靜脈叢、門脈高壓側枝循環、腹內壓、靜脈曲張。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"門脈高壓",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"痔瘡靜脈叢曲張",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"腹內壓升高",{"term":34,"count":30},"動脈粥狀硬化屬動脈病變",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-041","50 歲女性，身材略微肥胖，且有糖尿病及高血壓的病史，最近因陰道出血就診。下列何種診斷的可能性最低？",41,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-057","下列何者不是類鴉片藥物常見的副作用？",57,109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-071","下列疾病何者不屬於自體免疫疾病（autoimmune disease）？",71,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":30},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-029","下列有關肌節（sarcomere）的明暗帶在肌肉收縮時的敘述，何者正確？",29,111,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":57},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-003","三塊聽小骨（auditory ossicle）位在那一塊骨頭之中？",3,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":57},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-047","流行性感冒病毒主要藉由其表面的何種分子蛋白附著於細胞表面？",47,113,"2026-09-04",1788510705139]