[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-033","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-033",108,2,33,"下列何種疾病最不常以肉芽腫性發炎來呈現？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"結核病","痲瘋","類肉瘤病","B 型肝炎","D",null,[],"本題考點在辨識哪些疾病以肉芽腫性發炎為典型表現。依病理學，肉芽腫由上皮樣巨噬細胞聚集形成，常見於特定慢性感染與免疫反應：結核病有乾酪樣壞死肉芽腫、痲瘋（漢生病）為分枝桿菌感染同屬肉芽腫、類肉瘤病（sarcoidosis）為典型非乾酪性肉芽腫，故A、B、C皆常見肉芽腫。D的B型肝炎屬病毒性肝炎，病理以肝細胞損傷、淋巴球浸潤與碎屑樣壞死為主，並非肉芽腫性發炎，故最不常以肉芽腫呈現。","肉芽腫成因分感染性與非感染性。感染性代表：結核（乾酪性）、痲瘋、梅毒、黴菌、貓抓病；非感染性：類肉瘤病、克隆氏症、異物反應。核心機轉是第四型（遲發型）過敏反應，Th1細胞分泌IFN-γ活化巨噬細胞轉為上皮樣細胞並融合成朗漢斯巨細胞。記憶要訣：『分枝桿菌＋沉默的類肉瘤』愛長肉芽腫，病毒性肝炎則否。可連結：第四型過敏反應、乾酪樣壞死、朗漢斯巨細胞、IFN-γ。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"肉芽腫性發炎",{"term":28,"count":11},"第四型過敏反應",{"term":30,"count":11},"乾酪樣壞死",{"term":32,"count":33},"B型肝炎病理",1,[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-034","一位 35 歲男性因車禍造成右大腿骨折，兩天後病人出現呼吸困難、躁動不安、神智不清等症狀。就醫後發現病人有皮下點狀出血和血小板減少。下列何者是引起病人臨床表現的最可能原因？",34,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":33},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-050","下列藥物中，何者較適合用於患有糖尿病的高血壓患者？",50,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-064","口服四環素類（tetracyclines）治療感染時，最不適宜採用下列何種方式？",64,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":33},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-022","下列何者具有產生配子的功能？",22,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-046","下列針對炭疽桿菌（Bacillus anthracis）的敘述，何者正確？",46,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-040","下列那一個藥物屬於 topoisomerase I 抑制劑？",40,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510705070]