[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-022","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-022",108,2,22,"包圍周邊神經軸突的髓鞘（myelin sheath），主要組成為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"神經元所分泌的囊泡（secretory vesicles）","神經元細胞體的外突（external process）","許旺細胞（Schwann cells）","微膠細胞（microglia）","C",null,[],"本題考點為周邊神經髓鞘的細胞來源。周邊神經系統中,包圍軸突形成髓鞘的是許旺細胞(Schwann cells),由其細胞膜反覆纏繞軸突而成,故選C。A分泌囊泡是神經傳導物質的釋放構造,與髓鞘形成無關。B神經元細胞體的外突指樹突或軸突本身,並非髓鞘來源。D微膠細胞是中樞神經系統的免疫吞噬細胞,不製造髓鞘。判斷關鍵在於區辨「周邊神經髓鞘由許旺細胞形成,中樞神經髓鞘由寡突膠細胞形成」,兩者細胞來源不同但功能相似,皆加速神經衝動的跳躍式傳導。","髓鞘來源分中樞與周邊:周邊神經—許旺細胞,一個許旺細胞只包一段軸突,相鄰間隙為蘭氏結;中樞神經—寡突膠細胞,一個可同時包多條軸突。髓鞘富含脂質,提供絕緣,使動作電位在蘭氏結間跳躍式傳導,大幅提升傳導速度。臨床對比:格林-巴利症候群侵犯周邊髓鞘(許旺細胞),多發性硬化症侵犯中樞髓鞘(寡突膠細胞)。許旺細胞另可協助周邊神經再生,中樞則再生能力差。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"髓鞘",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"許旺細胞",{"term":31,"count":27},"周邊神經",{"term":33,"count":27},"寡突膠細胞對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何種激素由腺體分泌後，可被轉變為更具活性的形式？",23,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-039","下列何者最不可能引起左心衰竭（left heart failure）？",39,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-053","下列何種給藥途徑的生體可用率（bioavailability）最佳？",53,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-011","下列何者不屬於小腸的一部分？",11,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-035","下列抗組織胺藥物中，何者可用於改善蕁麻疹（Urticaria）症狀，亦常用於預防暈車暈船？",35,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-029","子宮肌腺症（adenomyosis）典型的表現，下列何者最恰當？",29,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510704977]