[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-021":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-021","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-021",108,2,21,"以腦波圖（electroencephalogram）檢測一位清醒、有意識的成人，觀察到大量的 δ 波，顯示此人較可能處於下列何種情境？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"注意力集中（focused）","心情放鬆（relaxed）","嚴重精神損害（severe emotional distress）","腦部受損（brain trauma）","D",null,[],"本題考點為腦波與意識狀態的對應。清醒且警覺的成人正常應以β波為主,放鬆閉眼時出現α波,δ波是頻率最慢、振幅最大的腦波,正常僅見於深睡期;若清醒有意識者卻出現大量δ波,屬異常,提示腦部受損,選D。A注意力集中對應快速的β波,非δ波。B心情放鬆對應α波,亦非δ波。C嚴重情緒困擾並不會特徵性地在清醒時產生大量δ波。判斷關鍵在於認清「清醒該有快波(β\u002Fα),卻出現慢波(δ)即為病理現象」,δ波在清醒者身上大量出現是腦病變或腦傷的警訊。","腦波依頻率由快到慢:β(>13Hz,清醒警覺、專注)、α(8–13Hz,清醒放鬆閉眼)、θ(4–7Hz,淺睡、兒童)、δ(\u003C4Hz,深睡第三期)。頻率愈慢代表皮質同步化愈高、活性愈低。清醒者出現大量δ即皮質功能抑制,見於腦傷、腦病變、昏迷或代謝性腦病。臨床連結:腦電圖呈瀰漫性慢波常提示腦病;等電位(平線)則為腦死判定參考之一。口訣:「醒快睡慢,醒了還慢就是壞」。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"腦波分類",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"δ波",{"term":31,"count":27},"清醒意識狀態",{"term":33,"count":27},"腦部受損",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-022","包圍周邊神經軸突的髓鞘（myelin sheath），主要組成為何？",22,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-038","狂牛病是何種病原感染所引起？",38,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-052","下列何種抗癌藥物，對細胞周期具有專一性作用？",52,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-010","卵巢排卵（ovulation）時，卵母細胞（oocyte）的減數分裂（meiosis），停留在那一時期？",10,111,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-034","Bupropion 除可當抗憂鬱藥物外，尚具有何項藥理功能？",34,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-028","三歲男孩，血中 α 胎兒蛋白（α-fetoprotein）上升，最可能為何種睪丸腫瘤？",28,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510704967]