[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-108-2-基礎醫學-008","nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-008",108,2,8,"下列何者分泌不足可能導致呆小症（cretinism）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"甲狀腺素（thyroxine）","生長激素（growth hormone）","胰島素（insulin）","濾泡刺激素（follicle-stimulating hormone）","A",null,[],"本題考點為呆小症(cretinism)的內分泌成因。呆小症是嬰幼兒期甲狀腺素分泌不足所致,因甲狀腺素是腦部發育與骨骼生長的關鍵,缺乏會造成智能障礙與生長遲滯,故選A。B生長激素不足導致的是腦下垂體性侏儒症,身材矮小但智力正常,與呆小症的智能缺損不同。C胰島素不足造成糖尿病,與生長發育遲緩無直接關係。D濾泡刺激素不足影響性腺與生殖功能,與嬰幼兒生長及腦發育無關。判斷關鍵在於分辨「甲狀腺素缺乏(呆小症,智力受損)」與「生長激素缺乏(侏儒症,智力正常)」。","甲狀腺素(T3、T4)是嬰幼兒中樞神經髓鞘化與神經元分化的必需荷爾蒙,故先天性甲狀腺低下若未於出生數週內補充,腦傷不可逆——這是新生兒篩檢納入先天性甲狀腺低下症的理由。對比記憶:呆小症=甲狀腺素↓(矮+智能障礙+黏液水腫面容);腦下垂體性侏儒=生長激素↓(勻稱矮小、智力正常);巨人症\u002F肢端肥大=生長激素↑。關鍵鑑別點在「有無智能損害」。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"甲狀腺素",{"term":28,"count":29},"呆小症",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"先天性甲狀腺低下",{"term":33,"count":29},"生長激素性侏儒對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-009","下列血球何者最終成熟的位置不是在骨髓？",9,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-025","在心肌動作電位中，高原期的維持是因心肌細胞有：",25,109,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-039","有關杭汀頓氏病（Huntington disease）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-077","肝炎病毒感染後，下列何者只會造成急性肝炎，並不會導致長期慢性感染的發生？",77,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-021","一位 18 歲男性因四肢水腫而就醫。他被發現有明顯蛋白尿和高血脂，但是腎臟功能和血壓均正常。腎臟切片的光學顯微鏡檢查顯示正常腎小球構造，但電子顯微鏡檢查發現足細胞（podocyte）突起消失。引起此病人水腫的最可能機轉為下列何者？",21,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-015","下列有關女性排卵的敘述，何者正確？",15,113,3,"2026-09-04",1788510704846]