[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-069":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-1-內外科護理學-069","nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-069",108,1,69,"下列何者可評估糖尿病病人過去 3 個月的血糖控制情形？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"空腹血糖值","糖化血色素值","口服葡萄糖耐受量","飯後 2 小時血糖值","B",null,[],"本題考點在於評估糖尿病長期血糖控制的指標。糖化血色素（HbA1c）反映紅血球血色素被葡萄糖非酵素性糖化的比例，因紅血球壽命約 120 天，故可代表過去約 2–3 個月的平均血糖，選 B。（A）錯在空腹血糖僅反映當下、單一時間點的血糖。（C）錯在口服葡萄糖耐受量測的是身體對一次糖負荷的即時代謝反應，用於診斷而非長期監測。（D）錯在飯後 2 小時血糖同樣是單次即時值，反映短時間的餐後控制。","HbA1c 的原理是葡萄糖與血色素緩慢且不可逆地結合，其比例正比於這段期間的平均血糖濃度；紅血球平均壽命 120 天，故反映近 2–3 個月，且不受單餐或當日波動影響。臨床控制目標一般約 7% 以下。須注意溶血性貧血、近期輸血、血紅素變異等會影響其準確性。記憶口訣：「一顆紅血球活三月，糖化比例說長期」。連結概念：非酵素糖化、紅血球壽命、平均血糖、控糖目標值。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"糖化血色素 HbA1c",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"紅血球壽命 120 天",{"term":30,"count":10},"非酵素糖化",{"term":32,"count":10},"長期血糖控制",{"term":34,"count":10},"空腹血糖對比",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-070","下列何者最可能造成病人出現昏迷、呼吸快而深、血清有效滲透壓 300 mOsm\u002Fkg、血糖值 400 mg\u002FdL 的臨床表徵？",70,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-006","75 歲老人最近心情抑鬱，對外在環境興趣缺缺，腦部電腦斷層顯示腦組織萎縮、腦溝變大，下列何者為其最可能診斷？",6,109,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-020","右側下肢無力需要使用手杖之病人，下列使用方法何者最正確？",20,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-058","護理一位出現肺水腫症狀與徵候的病人，下列措施之順序，何者最適當？①經由鼻導管給與 2 L\u002Fmin 氧氣治療 ②呼叫醫師 ③協助病人採高坐臥 ④準備床邊抽痰用物",58,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-022","一位高度數近視的病人，主訴眼前突然出現一群浮動的黑點，而且有部分視野缺失，下列建議何者不適宜？",22,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":43,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-113-1-medical-surgical-006","陳先生因肝硬化、嚴重腹水，出現呼吸急促、意識混亂的情形，由家人送往醫院接受治療，於實驗室檢查中，可能出現下列何種結果？①ALT：80 U\u002FL、AST：55 U\u002FL ②albumin 4.0 gm\u002FdL ③prothrombin time 5 sec ④ammonia 120 mg\u002FdL",113,"2026-09-04",1788510710117]