[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-063":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-108-1-內外科護理學-063","nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-063",108,1,63,"有關病人因焦慮而過度通氣造成之酸鹼不平衡，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"呼吸性鹼中毒","呼吸性酸中毒","代謝性酸中毒","代謝性鹼中毒","A",null,[],"本題考點在於過度通氣所致的酸鹼不平衡。焦慮引發過度換氣，使二氧化碳（酸性揮發物）排出過多、血中碳酸下降而 pH 上升，屬呼吸性鹼中毒，故選 A。（B）錯在呼吸性酸中毒是換氣不足、二氧化碳滯留，與過度通氣相反。（C）錯在代謝性酸中毒源於酸產生過多或碳酸氫根流失（如酮酸中毒、腹瀉），非呼吸因素。（D）錯在代謝性鹼中毒多因胃酸大量喪失（嘔吐）或鹼過多，屬代謝而非呼吸機轉。","口訣「呼吸看 CO₂：吹太多就鹼」。過度通氣→PaCO₂ 下降→pH 上升為呼吸性鹼中毒，臨床可見手足與口周麻刺、頭暈甚至手足抽搐，因鹼血使血中游離鈣下降、神經肌肉興奮性增高。處置常以放慢呼吸或以紙袋回吸（提高吸入 CO₂）緩解。四型判讀先看 pH 方向，再看 CO₂ 或 HCO₃⁻ 定主因。連結概念：PaCO₂ 下降、游離鈣下降、手足抽搐、紙袋回吸。",[24,26,28,30,32],{"term":14,"count":25},3,{"term":27,"count":10},"過度通氣",{"term":29,"count":10},"二氧化碳排出過多",{"term":31,"count":10},"游離鈣下降",{"term":33,"count":10},"酸鹼平衡判讀",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-064","有關腎病症候群病人之處置，下列何者錯誤？",64,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-080","有關嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）之臨床症狀，不包括下列何者？",80,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":43},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-014","有關舌癌的敘述，下列何者正確？",14,109,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-052","當動脈氣體分析值為 pH：7.40、PaCO 2 ：42 mmHg、HCO 3 - ：24 mEq\u002FL、PaO 2 ：80 mmHg 時，有關病人呼吸器脫離（ventilator weaning）的敘述，下列何者正確？",52,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-016","有關食道憩室之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",16,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":58,"session":25},"nurse-112-3-medical-surgical-050","根據 2020 年美國心臟醫學會（AHA）公告的「生存之鏈（chain of survival）」急救步驟，發生於醫院內心臟停止的照護（in hospital cardiac arrest, IHCA），其急救重點次序，下列何者正確？①即早辨識和預防 ②緊急應變系統啟動 ③施行高品質 CPR ④去顫 ⑤心臟停止後照護 ⑥復原",50,"2026-09-04",1788510710066]