[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-1-內外科護理學-012","nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-012",108,1,12,"有關肝硬化病人服用 Lactulose 之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"預防腸道發生感染、壞死","減少氨及含氮廢物的吸收，產生輕瀉作用","降低尿液滲透壓，預防肝腎症候群的發生","降低門脈高壓，減輕腹水","B",null,[],"本題考點為Lactulose治療肝性腦病變的藥理機轉。依其作用原理，Lactulose為不可吸收的雙醣，在結腸經細菌發酵產酸使腸道酸化，將NH3轉為不易吸收的NH4+並發揮滲透性輕瀉作用，加速氨及含氮廢物排出以降低血氨，故選B。A錯，其目的非預防腸道感染壞死；C錯，作用不在降低尿液滲透壓或預防肝腎症候群；D錯，Lactulose不影響門脈壓與腹水，降門脈壓須靠乙型阻斷劑或利尿劑。","血氨主要來自腸道蛋白分解與細菌尿素酶。Lactulose酸化腸道使NH3↔NH4+平衡右移，帶電的NH4+無法通過腸黏膜而隨糞便排出。療效指標：一天約2～3次軟便為劑量調整目標。可對比Rifaximin以抑制產氨腸菌達成相同目的，兩者臨床常合併使用。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"肝性腦病變",9,{"term":28,"count":29},"Lactulose",2,{"term":31,"count":29},"血氨",{"term":33,"count":29},"腸道酸化",{"term":35,"count":10},"滲透性輕瀉",[37,41,45,50,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-013","有關膽結石引起膽囊炎合併總膽管阻塞病人的糞便顏色，下列何者正確？",13,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-029","有關骨掃描的敘述，下列何者正確？",29,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-043","有關化學性灼傷的處置，下列何者錯誤？",43,109,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":10,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-001","有關前窩顱底骨折的敘述，下列何者正確？",110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-045","皮膚表皮破皮並看得到皮下脂肪組織，且傷口出現黏液或滲出物，可能為第幾期壓傷？",45,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-079","有關嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎 COVID-19 之護理措施，下列何者正確？",79,112,"2026-09-04",1788510709576]