[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-1-內外科護理學-003","nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-003",108,1,3,"有關顱內壓升高的治療，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"建議使用輕微高張溶液如 5%葡萄糖 0.45%生理食鹽水（D5 1\u002F2S）","可利用巴比妥酸鹽降低腦部的新陳代謝率","使用 Mannitol 或 Glycerol 應注意體液電解質平衡","若顱內壓升高情況已改善，應立即停用降腦壓藥物","D",null,[],"本題考點是顱內壓（IICP）升高的治療原則，要選「錯誤」者。依降腦壓用藥原則，即使顱內壓已改善也不可驟然停藥，應逐步減量以防反彈性回升，故主張「立即停用」的 D 為錯誤。A 於題意中作為正確敘述——選用輕度高張的溶液維持適當滲透壓、避免使用會加重腦水腫的低張液。B 正確——巴比妥酸鹽可降低腦部新陳代謝率與耗氧，減緩腦組織需求。C 正確——使用 Mannitol 或 Glycerol 這類滲透性利尿劑時，會大量排水利尿，須密切監測體液與電解質平衡以防脫水與電解質紊亂。判斷關鍵在於「降腦壓藥須漸減不可驟停」，避免顱內壓反彈危及病人。","IICP 處置核心是降低腦容積：滲透性利尿（Mannitol 把水拉出腦組織）、控制 PaCO₂（過度換氣使血管收縮）、降代謝（巴比妥、降溫）、頭部抬高 30 度促靜脈回流。用藥漸減原則同許多藥物（類固醇、抗癲癇藥），驟停易反彈。Mannitol 利尿時尤須盯緊尿量、電解質與腎功能。可連結庫欣三徵（Cushing’s triad）與腦疝複習。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"顱內壓升高",11,{"term":28,"count":29},"巴比妥酸鹽",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"降腦壓藥",{"term":33,"count":10},"Mannitol滲透性利尿",{"term":35,"count":10},"藥物漸減",[37,41,45,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-004","有關脊髓損傷所引起的神經性膀胱之敘述，下列何者正確？",4,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-020","有關鼻咽癌之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",20,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-034","有關癌症手術治療特性之敘述，下列何者正確？",34,109,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-072","有關糖尿病性酮酸中毒（DKA）治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",72,110,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-036","有關癌症疼痛三階梯止痛療法的敘述，下列何者正確？",36,111,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-070","有關胰島素保存之護理指導，下列何者正確？",70,112,"2026-09-04",1788510709464]