[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-051":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-108-1-產兒科護理學-051","nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-051",108,1,51,"10 歲的大華罹患癲癇（Epilepsy）以口服 phenobarbital（luminal）藥物治療，護理人員給予大華母親的護理指導，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"定時帶大華回診抽血，監測血中藥物濃度","尿液顏色變紅棕色是正常現象","服藥 6 週後未再發生抽搐，即可停藥","發作後須進食高碳水化合物飲食，以避免低血糖造成抽搐再度發作","A",null,[],"本題考點在 phenobarbital 這類抗癲癇藥的用藥安全監測。此藥治療濃度與中毒濃度區間狹窄（治療血中濃度約 15–40 µg\u002FmL），濃度過低無法控制發作、過高則出現鎮靜與運動失調，故須定時回診抽血監測血中藥物濃度，選 A。選項 B 錯在尿液變紅棕色並非本藥正常反應，紅棕色尿常見於 rifampin 或 phenazopyridine。選項 C 錯在抗癲癇藥不可因短期未發作即自行停藥，驟停會誘發癲癇重積，須由醫師評估逐漸減量。選項 D 錯在發作後並不需刻意進食高碳水化合物飲食，癲癇發作與低血糖引起的抽搐機轉不同，不應混為一談。","phenobarbital 屬長效巴比妥鹽，經肝臟 CYP450 代謝並具強力酵素誘導作用，會加速其他藥物代謝，這也是為何需監測濃度並注意藥物交互作用。記憶要點：抗癲癇藥共通三原則為「規則服藥、不可驟停、定期驗血」。可連結概念：治療藥物監測（TDM）適用於治療窗窄的藥（digoxin、theophylline、lithium、aminoglycosides、抗癲癇藥）。長期使用巴比妥鹽會影響維生素 D 與葉酸代謝，兒童須留意生長與牙齦增生等長期影響。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"抗癲癇藥不可驟停",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"phenobarbital",{"term":30,"count":10},"治療藥物監測 TDM",{"term":32,"count":10},"治療窗狹窄",[34,38,42,46,51,56],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-052","有關自閉症的護理指導，下列何者最適當？",52,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-108-2-maternal-pediatric-068","有關扁桃腺切除術（tonsillectomy）後的護理措施，下列敘述何者錯誤？",68,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":26,"year":45,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-002","有關以家庭為中心的產科照護，下列何者錯誤？",109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-040","王女士 26 歲，結婚 2 年，因性交疼痛令其十分困擾而就診，下列護理措施何者錯誤？",40,110,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-maternal-pediatric-004","有關懷孕時因雌性素增加，造成孕期常見的不適，下列敘述何者正確？",4,112,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":55,"session":60},"nurse-112-3-maternal-pediatric-038","有關氣喘（asthma）之病因及病理變化，下列敘述何者正確？",38,3,"2026-09-04",1788510710646]