[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-061":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基本護理學與護理行政-061","nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-061",108,1,61,"下列何者對管理學大師彼得杜拉克（Peter F. Drucker）所倡導的目標管理（management by objectives）之敘述最為適切？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"目標管理關注的是組織目標，而非個人的目標","目標管理對人性的基本預設是與 X 理論一致","目標管理是一種以過程為導向的管理方法","目標管理強調成員參與決策及共同制定目標","D",null,[],"本題考點是杜拉克目標管理（MBO）的核心精神。依 MBO 定義，管理者與部屬共同設定可衡量的目標、部屬參與決策並自我控制達成，故正解為 D「強調成員參與決策及共同制定目標」。A 錯在 MBO 主張把個人目標與組織目標「結合」，並非只關注組織目標而排除個人目標。B 錯在 MBO 的人性假設是 Y 理論（相信員工能自主、願負責、追求自我實現），與主張員工被動、須嚴控的 X 理論相反。C 錯在 MBO 是以「結果／成果」為導向、事先設定目標再檢視達成度，而非以過程為導向的管理方法。掌握「參與設定、Y 理論、成果導向」三特徵即可判斷。","MBO 由 Drucker 於《管理的實踐》提出，運作四步驟：共同設定目標→授權執行→定期檢討→依成果考評。它與 Y 理論一體兩面——相信人願意自我引導，管理者只需建立目標框架。對比記憶：X 理論配獨裁式、嚴密監督；Y 理論配 MBO、參與式領導。常見陷阱是把「成果導向」誤記成「過程導向」，可連結績效考評與 SMART 目標原則一起複習。",[25,28,30,32,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"目標管理MBO",5,{"term":29,"count":27},"Y理論",{"term":31,"count":27},"參與式管理",{"term":33,"count":34},"Drucker",2,{"term":36,"count":11},"成果導向",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-062","醫院內重大採購或硬體建設所需之預算是屬於下列何者？",62,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":10,"session":34},"nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-078","下列何者無法增加考核表的信度？",78,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":34},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-012","沾到病人血液的傷口紗布，應依下列何種廢棄物規定處理？",12,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":34},"nurse-110-2-fundamental-nursing-050","醫囑每 2 小時間歇管灌食的病人，已於 8：00 am 灌食 250 mL 後，於 10：00 am 管灌前反抽鼻胃管有 150 mL 之未消化液，下列處置何者最適當？",50,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-fundamental-nursing-014","護理診斷及其導因之書寫，下列敘述那些正確？①潛在危險性皮膚完整性受損／脊髓損傷 ②不遵從（高血壓服藥）／缺乏護理指導 ③口腔黏膜改變／因化療抵抗力低 ④睡眠型態紊亂／因治療造成不適",14,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":60,"session":65},"nurse-112-3-fundamental-nursing-048","有關問題解決的過程，下列敘述何者正確？",48,3,"2026-09-04",1788510709274]