[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-076":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-076","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-076",108,1,76,"關於白喉桿菌（Corynebacterium diphtheriae ）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"透過人畜共通的方式傳染","會造成呼吸道症狀，也有機會造成皮膚感染","臨床上會鑑定出感染源後再進行治療","感染後會引發保護性免疫力","B",null,[],"本題考點在白喉桿菌的流行病學與臨床特性。依其傳播與致病，白喉主要侵犯上呼吸道形成偽膜，但也可造成皮膚白喉，故選 B『會造成呼吸道症狀，也有機會造成皮膚感染』。A 稱人畜共通有誤，白喉為人與人間經飛沫傳染，非人畜共通。C 稱先鑑定感染源再治療有誤，白喉高度危急，臨床一旦懷疑須立即給予抗毒素與抗生素，不等培養確認。D 稱感染後產生保護性免疫有誤，自然感染不保證持久免疫，仍須依疫苗接種預防，故不選。","白喉致病關鍵在白喉毒素（由帶噬菌體的產毒株分泌），毒素以 ADP 核醣化抑制延長因子 EF-2，阻斷宿主蛋白質合成，造成咽喉灰白偽膜與心肌炎、神經病變等全身毒性。治療核心是儘早中和游離毒素的白喉抗毒素，抗生素（紅黴素或青黴素）僅清除細菌、減少產毒。預防靠 DTaP\u002FTdap 中的類毒素疫苗誘導抗毒素抗體。因偽膜阻塞與毒素心臟毒性可致命，屬不待培養即須處置的急症。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"白喉桿菌",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"白喉毒素",{"term":31,"count":27},"飛沫傳染",{"term":33,"count":27},"類毒素疫苗",{"term":35,"count":11},"呼吸道與皮膚白喉",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-077","病患若呈現面部痙攣（facial spasm）、牙關緊閉（trismus or lockjaw）、心律不整、嚴重流汗、脫水等，最有可能是下列何種疾病？",77,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-013","有關胰臟之敘述何者錯誤？",13,109,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":45,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-027","男性心血管疾病發生率高於非更年期女性，主要是下列何種因素導致此現象？",27,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-065","有關真菌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",65,110,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-009","下列何者將消化道吸收之富含養分血液帶入肝臟？",9,112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":63},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-003","支配聲帶肌群的神經是：",3,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708728]