[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-071":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-071","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-071",108,1,71,"HIV 的感染主要藉由其表面之 gp120 與下列那一分子作用結合而感染宿主細胞？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"CD3","CD4","CD8","CD21","B",null,[],"本題考點在 HIV 進入宿主細胞的受體辨識。HIV 表面醣蛋白 gp120 會先與宿主 T 輔助細胞表面的 CD4 分子結合，這是感染的第一步，故選 B CD4。A CD3 為 T 細胞受體複合體的訊號傳遞分子，非 HIV 的結合標靶。C CD8 是細胞毒性 T 細胞的標記，非 HIV 主要受體。D CD21 是 B 細胞上 EB 病毒的受體，與 HIV 無關，故不選。","HIV 感染機制：gp120 先結合 CD4，構型改變後再結合共受體（CCR5 或 CXCR4），接著 gp41 介導病毒與細胞膜融合。因主要攻擊 CD4⁺ T 輔助細胞，感染進展使 CD4 數目下降、細胞免疫崩解而發展為愛滋病。臨床以 CD4 計數評估免疫狀態與伺機性感染風險（如 CD4\u003C200 易得肺囊蟲肺炎）。記憶：CCR5-Δ32 基因型者對 HIV 感染具相對抵抗力，Maraviroc 即為 CCR5 拮抗劑類抗病毒藥。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"HIV",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"gp120",2,{"term":32,"count":30},"T 輔助細胞",{"term":34,"count":11},"CD4 分子",{"term":36,"count":11},"共受體 CCR5\u002FCXCR4",[38,42,47,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-072","下列何者是正確的病毒複製步驟？①去殼（uncoating） ②認識目標細胞 ③巨分子合成 ④附著（attachment）穿入（penetration） ⑤病毒組合 ⑥病毒釋出",72,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-008","下列何者具複層扁平上皮？",8,109,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":46,"session":30},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-022","運動失調（ataxia）主要是因為腦部那一區域受損？",22,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-060","有關具黏膜保護作用的 Sucralfate 敘述，下列何者錯誤？",60,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":30},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者無法執行閉口的動作？",4,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":30},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-048","有關猴痘，下列敘述何者最適當？",48,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708686]