[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-060":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-060","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-060",108,1,60,"Beta 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑用於治療心律不整，主要的藥理機轉為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"減慢房室傳導速度，抑制心肌細胞之自主興奮性","延長動作電位期間，不影響耗氧","抑制竇房結鈉管道活化，減少放電","活化鉀管道，降低心肌收縮力","A",null,[],"本題考點在乙型（β）腎上腺素受體拮抗劑作為第二類抗心律不整藥的機轉。β 阻斷劑抑制交感對心臟的作用，降低竇房結與房室結因交感興奮而來的自主放電，並減慢房室結傳導，故選 A『減慢房室傳導速度，抑制心肌細胞之自主興奮性』。B 稱『延長動作電位不影響耗氧』屬第三類（如 Amiodarone）鉀通道方向，且 β 阻斷實際降低耗氧，敘述不符。C 稱抑制竇房結『鈉』管道，竇房結去極化主要靠鈣與 If 電流而非鈉，機轉錯置。D 稱『活化鉀管道』並非 β 阻斷劑的作用方式，皆不選。","抗心律不整 Vaughan-Williams 分類：I 鈉通道阻斷、II β 受體阻斷、III 鉀通道阻斷延長動作電位、IV 鈣通道阻斷。β 阻斷劑（Propranolol、Metoprolol、Esmolol）減少 cAMP，降低竇房結 If 電流與房室結鈣內流，因而減慢心率、延長 AV 傳導與不反應期，對交感亢進、心肌梗塞後及上心室頻脈特別有用，並可降低心肌耗氧。記憶：II 類『踩煞車』抑交感，IV 類鈣阻斷同樣作用房室結但機轉不同。",[25,28,30,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"房室結傳導",3,{"term":29,"count":27},"Vaughan-Williams 分類",{"term":31,"count":32},"β 腎上腺素受體拮抗劑",2,{"term":34,"count":11},"第二類抗心律不整藥",{"term":36,"count":11},"自主興奮性",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-061","血管緊縮素轉換酶抑制劑（angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ACEI）的降血壓作用機制，包括下列那一項？",61,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":10,"session":32},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-077","下列關於感染結核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）的敘述，何者正確？",77,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":32},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-011","頸部左側的頸總動脈直接源自下列何者？",11,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":32},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-049","治療青光眼的藥物中，下列何者是藉由直接作用於膽鹼性受體（cholinergic receptor）而降低眼壓？",49,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-043","下列何種疫苗是用活的微生物製備而成？",43,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":32},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何者屬於抑制腸胃蠕動的藥物（antimotility agents），用於治療嚴重腹瀉？",37,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708604]