[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-054":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-054","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-054",108,1,54,"有關抗癌藥物之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"烴化劑（alkylating agents）會直接破壞 DNA，使細胞無法複製","護理人員處理 Doxorubicin 若不慎滲漏時，可能傷及正常皮膚","Cisplatin 可與二氫葉酸還原酶（DHFR）結合，以抑制 DNA 之合成","Doxorubicin 會產生自由基，因而有傷害心臟的副作用","C",null,[],"本題考點在抗癌藥物機轉的正誤判讀，要挑出錯誤敘述。C 稱 Cisplatin 與二氫葉酸還原酶（DHFR）結合抑制 DNA 合成，此為 Methotrexate 的機轉；Cisplatin 實際是形成 DNA 交聯（類烷化劑）破壞複製，與 DHFR 無關，故 C 錯誤、為正解。A 正確：烷化劑使 DNA 烷基化並交聯，直接破壞使細胞無法複製。B 正確：Doxorubicin 為發泡劑，滲漏至血管外會造成組織壞死、傷及正常皮膚。D 正確：Doxorubicin 經氧化還原產生自由基，是其劑量累積型心臟毒性的主因，三者敘述皆對。","葉酸拮抗記憶：Methotrexate 抑制 DHFR，阻斷四氫葉酸再生，影響嘌呤與胸苷合成，可用 Leucovorin 解救。Cisplatin 屬鉑類，機轉近似烷化劑，形成鏈內與鏈間 DNA 交聯，主要毒性為腎毒性、耳毒性與周邊神經病變。Doxorubicin（蒽環類）三大特徵：嵌入 DNA 抑制拓樸異構酶 II、產生自由基、劑量依賴性心肌病變，臨床以總累積劑量設上限並可用 Dexrazoxane 保護心臟。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"烷化劑",{"term":28,"count":11},"Cisplatin DNA 交聯",{"term":30,"count":11},"Methotrexate DHFR",{"term":32,"count":11},"Doxorubicin 心臟毒性",{"term":34,"count":11},"自由基",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-055","生物製劑之蛋白質藥物 Etanercept 可治療風濕性關節炎（Rheumatoid arthritis），此藥物之藥理作用為何？",55,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-071","對反轉錄病毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",71,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":44},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-005","下列有關胸膜的敘述，何者錯誤？",5,109,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-043","5 歲小男孩，出現腦壓增加、步履不穩的症狀，腦部電腦斷層掃描發現小腦中間有一生長迅速的腫瘤，下列何者是最可能的診斷？",43,110,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-037","治療高血脂症時，能同時降低膽固醇及三酸甘油酯的藥物，下列何者最佳？",37,112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":44},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-031","有關麥角生物鹼（ergot alkaloids）的作用，下列敘述何者錯誤？",31,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708556]