[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-052":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-052","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-052",108,1,52,"下列刺激胃腸蠕動的藥物中，何者的作用機轉為拮抗多巴胺 D 2 受體？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Bethanechol","Neostigmine","Erythromycin","Domperidone","D",null,[],"本題考點是促腸胃蠕動藥的作用機轉分類。多巴胺 D₂ 受體在上消化道會抑制蠕動，拮抗 D₂ 即可解除此抑制、促進排空；依此機轉選 D Domperidone，它是周邊型 D₂ 拮抗劑，不易通過血腦障壁，止吐兼促蠕動。A Bethanechol 是直接作用的毒蕈鹼（muscarinic）受體致效劑，靠活化 M 受體促蠕動，機轉不同。B Neostigmine 為乙醯膽鹼酯酶抑制劑，藉增加 ACh 間接促蠕動。C Erythromycin 除抗菌外可活化 motilin 受體促胃排空。三者皆非透過拮抗 D₂ 受體，故不選。","促動力藥（prokinetics）四大機轉可對比記憶：①膽鹼致效（Bethanechol）②膽鹼酯酶抑制（Neostigmine）③motilin 致效（Erythromycin）④D₂ 拮抗（Metoclopramide、Domperidone）。Domperidone 與 Metoclopramide 同為 D₂ 拮抗，但 Domperidone 不過血腦障壁，較少錐體外症狀；Metoclopramide 會過中樞而有 EPS 風險。兩者拮抗延腦化學受體觸發區（CTZ）的 D₂ 也產生止吐效果。",[25,28,30,32,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"motilin 受體",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"促腸胃蠕動藥",{"term":31,"count":11},"多巴胺 D2 受體拮抗",{"term":18,"count":11},{"term":34,"count":11},"膽鹼致效劑",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-053","下列何者不是治療骨質疏鬆症的藥物？",53,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-069","對於臨床症狀尚不明顯的布魯氏桿菌症（brucellosis），通常是以下列何種檢測來鑑定？",69,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-003","下列何者參與形成骨盆膈（pelvic diaphragm），是支撐子宮的重要肌肉？",3,109,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-041","鏈球菌感染後腎絲球腎炎（post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis）之主要臨床表現，下列何者錯誤？",41,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-035","下列何種酶可被咖啡因抑制？",35,112,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-029","醛固酮分泌腺瘤（aldosterone-secreting adenoma）產生原發性醛固酮過多症（hyperaldosteronism）會造成下列那一種症候群？",29,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708542]