[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-050","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-050",108,1,50,"下列何種抗癲癇藥物，其結構類似 GABA？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Carbamazepine","Gabapentin","Phenytoin","Valproic acid","B",null,[],"本題考點為抗癲癇藥物的結構與作用。依藥理，Gabapentin 的化學結構是在 GABA 分子上接一環己烷環而成，為 GABA 的類似物（其命名即源自 GABA），故選 B。Carbamazepine（A）與 Phenytoin（C）主要阻斷電壓依賴型鈉離子通道以穩定神經膜；Valproic acid（D）則兼具阻斷鈉通道與增加 GABA 濃度等多重機轉，但其結構為短鏈脂肪酸，並非 GABA 類似物。三者結構皆與 GABA 不類似，故非答案。","有趣的是 gabapentin 雖以 GABA 為結構設計原型，實際主要作用機轉卻非直接活化 GABA 受體，而是結合電壓門控鈣通道的 α2δ 次單位以減少興奮性神經傳導物質釋放，臨床也廣用於神經病理性疼痛。抗癲癇藥機轉三大類：阻鈉通道、增強 GABA 抑制、阻鈣通道。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":16,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":26},"抗癲癇藥物",{"term":30,"count":11},"GABA 類似物",{"term":32,"count":11},"電壓門控鈣通道 α2δ",{"term":34,"count":11},"鈉通道阻斷劑",[36,40,44,48,53,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-051","下列何者為治療毛地黃中毒時，引發心室纖維顫動的首選藥物？",51,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":26},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-067","預防白喉可注射何種疫苗？",67,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":11,"year":47,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-001","左季肋區器官因肋骨刺入而大出血，下列何者最可能受損？",109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-039","胎兒紅血球母細胞症（erythroblastosis fetalis）的主要病因為何？",39,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-033","成年人長期咳嗽，經確診為黴漿菌感染，其處方藥物為口服 clarithromycin，有關此抗生素之敘述，下列何者正確？",33,112,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":26},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-027","由巴雷特氏食道（Barrett’s esophagus）惡性化產生的食道癌，下列何者最常見？",27,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708526]