[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":38,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-033","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-033",108,1,33,"鏈球菌感染後腎小球腎炎（post-streptoccocal glomerulonephritis）是屬於那一型過敏反應（hypersensitivity reaction）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"第一型","第二型","第三型","第四型","C",null,[],"本題考點為過敏反應（hypersensitivity）的分型。依免疫學，鏈球菌感染後腎絲球腎炎是循環中的抗原-抗體免疫複合體沉積於腎絲球基底膜，活化補體引起發炎損傷，屬第三型（免疫複合體型）過敏反應，故選 C。第一型（A）為 IgE 媒介的即發性過敏（如過敏性休克、氣喘）；第二型（B）為抗體直接對抗細胞表面抗原（如溶血性貧血、Goodpasture 症候群）；第四型（D）為 T 細胞媒介的遲發型（如結核菌素反應、接觸性皮膚炎），皆與免疫複合體沉積機轉不同。","第三型口訣：免疫複合體『卡』在血管、關節、腎絲球，補體活化招來嗜中性球放出酵素造成組織傷害，代表疾病有 SLE、血清病、鏈球菌後腎炎。臨床特徵：感染後 1–3 週出現血尿、蛋白尿、水腫與高血壓，補體 C3 下降、ASO 上升。",[25,28,31,34,36],{"term":26,"count":27},"補體活化",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"第三型過敏反應",3,{"term":32,"count":33},"免疫複合體",2,{"term":35,"count":33},"過敏反應分型",{"term":37,"count":11},"鏈球菌後腎絲球腎炎",[39,43,47,52,57,62],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何項屬於與 X 性染色體（X-linked）相關之遺傳疾病？",34,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":10,"session":33},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-050","下列何者不是使用嗎啡類藥物（opioids）常見之副作用？",50,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-064","有關停經後雌性激素替代治療（postmenopausal estrogen replacement）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",64,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":33},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-022","下列何種細胞受損對血腦障壁（blood-brain barrier）的功能影響最大？",22,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-016","下列何種反應是阻斷毒蕈鹼類受器（muscarinic receptors）所造成？",16,112,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":33},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-010","傳導相鄰細胞間神經訊息的電性突觸是下列何種結構？",10,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708383]