[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-032":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-032","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-032",108,1,32,"在進食之頭期（cephalic phase），下列何者會被激活？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"嗅覺導致胰泌素（secretin）的分泌","小腸與胃之間的短反射（short reflex）","交感神經（sympathetic nerves）至腸神經系統（enteric nervous system）","副交感神經（parasympathetic nerves）至腸神經系統","D",null,[],"本題考點為消化道頭期（cephalic phase）的調控。依消化生理，頭期由看見、嗅聞、想到或咀嚼食物觸發，經由「副交感神經（迷走）」下行至腸神經系統，促進胃液、胃酸與胃泌素分泌，為進食預作準備，故選 D。A 錯在胰泌素（secretin）由十二指腸受酸性食糜刺激而分泌，屬腸期而非嗅覺誘發；B 的短反射是腸壁內在神經叢的局部反射，屬胃期／腸期而非頭期；C 錯在頭期以「副交感」興奮為主，非交感神經，皆不符。","三期記憶：頭期（迷走神經、預備，占胃酸約 30%）→ 胃期（食物擴張胃、gastrin，占約 60%）→ 腸期（食糜入十二指腸，先促後抑）。頭期是唯一在食物尚未入胃前即啟動者，體現神經『前饋』調節。secretin 與 CCK 則主導腸期的回饋抑制。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"腸神經系統",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"胰泌素",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"頭期",{"term":34,"count":11},"副交感迷走神經",{"term":36,"count":11},"消化三期",[38,42,46,51,56,61],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-033","鏈球菌感染後腎小球腎炎（post-streptoccocal glomerulonephritis）是屬於那一型過敏反應（hypersensitivity reaction）？",33,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-049","下列何種藥物最常用來治療良性前列腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia）？",49,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-063","長期使用 corticosteroid 的常見副作用中，下列何者錯誤？",63,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-021","有關細胞膜的主要生理功能，下列何者錯誤？",21,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-015","作夢通常發生於那一個睡眠階段？",15,112,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":30},"nurse-113-2-basic-medicine-009","支配橫膈的膈神經（phrenic nerve），主要是來自下列何者？",9,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708379]