[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-108-1-基礎醫學-022","nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-022",108,1,22,"負責氣體交換之呼吸道細胞為下列那一種？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"嗜中性球（neutrophil）","第二型肺泡細胞（type II alveolar cell）","巨噬細胞（macrophage）","第一型肺泡細胞（type I alveolar cell）","D",null,[],"本題考點為肺泡上皮兩型細胞的功能分工。依組織學，第一型肺泡細胞為扁平鱗狀細胞，覆蓋約 95% 肺泡表面且極薄，與微血管內皮共構成血氣屏障，是氣體交換的主要場所，故選 D。第二型肺泡細胞（B）呈立方形，功能為分泌表面張力素（surfactant）並可增生分化為第一型細胞以修復，不負責氣體交換；嗜中性球（A）與巨噬細胞（C）屬免疫防禦細胞，巨噬細胞負責吞噬清除肺泡內異物與病原，兩者均與氣體交換無關。","血氣屏障厚度僅約 0.5 μm，由第一型肺泡細胞、融合基底膜與微血管內皮三層構成，利於 O₂\u002FCO₂ 依擴散定律快速交換。對比記憶：Type I 薄、負責交換；Type II 胖、負責分泌 surfactant 兼幹細胞角色。Surfactant 不足即新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群（RDS）的病因。",[25,28,31,33,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"第二型肺泡細胞",5,{"term":29,"count":30},"第一型肺泡細胞",2,{"term":32,"count":30},"表面張力素",{"term":34,"count":11},"血氣屏障",{"term":36,"count":11},"氣體交換",[38,42,46,51,56,60],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-023","下列何者最不容易使氧合血紅素解離曲線（oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve）右移？",23,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-039","下列何者是濾泡性淋巴瘤（follicular lymphoma）最常見到的染色體變化？",39,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-053","下列何者可用於預防和改善暈車和暈船（motion sickness）作用？",53,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-011","血球的生命週期，下列何者最長？",11,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":27,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-005","在皮膚的構造，與壓覺有關的巴齊尼小體（Pacinian corpuscle）主要分布於何處？",112,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-049","有關第16型人類乳突病毒（HPV-16）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",49,113,"2026-09-04",1788510708291]