[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-077":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-077","nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-077",107,2,77,"正常老化所產生的生理機能退化，常見的健康問題有下列何者？①心輸出量增加 ②從食物中吸收鈣質能力減少 ③唾液腺分泌減少 ④胰島素分泌增加 ⑤免疫力降低",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②⑤","②③⑤","②④⑤","①④⑤","B",null,[],"本題考點是正常老化的生理機能退化與常見健康問題。依老化生理學,老年人腸道對鈣質的吸收能力下降、唾液腺分泌減少導致口乾與吞嚥困難、免疫功能降低使感染風險上升,涵蓋②③⑤,故選B。①「心輸出量增加」錯誤,老化時心臟儲備下降、心輸出量傾向減少;④「胰島素分泌增加」錯誤,老化伴隨胰島素分泌與敏感度下降,反易出現葡萄糖耐受不良。此題關鍵在掌握老化多為「功能退化、分泌減少」的方向,凡描述某項功能「增加」者多屬錯誤陷阱。","老化生理的通則是各系統儲備能力遞減:心肌順應性下降、最大心輸出量與心率反應變弱;腸黏膜與活性維生素D減少使鈣吸收降低,加上骨質流失,共同促成骨質疏鬆;唾液腺萎縮造成口乾、蛀牙與吞嚥困難;免疫老化(immunosenescence)使T細胞功能下降、疫苗反應變差。胰島功能與周邊敏感度雙降,是老年糖尿病盛行的基礎。記憶要訣:老化幾乎全是「減少、變慢、變弱」。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"免疫老化",{"term":27,"count":28},"正常老化生理",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"鈣質吸收減少",{"term":32,"count":28},"唾液腺分泌減少",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-078","社區中健康的女性長者最需要的照護應為下列何者？",78,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":28},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-014","蕭太太，74 歲，診斷為失智症，請問下列護理何者適當？",14,109,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-028","王同學診斷妄想症，某科考試不及格，出現易怒，無法與人互動，最近因為症狀嚴重故入院治療，住院第 4 天，會談時表示同學們忌妒他成績比較好，都會中傷他，老師也受到其他同學的挑撥，對他特別嚴格，會談中出現哭泣現象，此時護理師的措施何者最適切？",28,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-066","有關原住民族在人口學的措施，下列健康政策的敘述何者最不適當？",66,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":28},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-030","下列有關厭食症（Anorexia nervosa）之敘述，何者錯誤？",30,112,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":41,"year":60,"session":28},"nurse-113-1-psychiatric-community-014","有關恐慌症的敘述，下列何者最不適切？",113,"2026-09-04",1788510727206]