[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-021":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-021","nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-021",107,2,21,"蔡女士，60 歲，罹患思覺失調症（昔稱精神分裂症）已 30 年，自我照顧能力明顯退化，日間常因來不及如廁而尿濕褲子，下列護理措施何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"每 2 小時帶病人如廁","配戴尿布以避免尿濕褲子","減少飲水量，以避免造成尿失禁","教導病人憋尿運動，以增加骨盆底肌肉強韌性","A",null,[],"本題考點是慢性思覺失調、自我照顧退化併功能性尿失禁的護理措施。個案是「來不及如廁」而尿濕，屬功能性尿失禁，故最適當者為建立定時如廁計畫，每 2 小時主動帶病人如廁，在膀胱脹滿前先排空、維持既有能力，選 A。B 直接包尿布放棄如廁訓練，加速功能退化與尊嚴受損。C 減少飲水易致脫水、便祕與泌尿道感染，且不解決來不及的問題。D 教憋尿運動與凱格爾骨盆底運動針對的是應力性尿失禁，且需病人有足夠認知配合，對此退化個案不適用。","尿失禁分型決定處置：功能性尿失禁（膀胱正常，但因認知、行動或環境因素來不及到廁所）→ 定時如廁（scheduled\u002Ftimed voiding）、清楚指標與便利動線；應力性（腹壓上升漏尿）→ 凱格爾骨盆底肌運動；急迫性（逼尿肌過動）→ 膀胱訓練與藥物。本題屬功能性，核心是「趕在失禁前主動排空」，維持自主如廁避免退化。減少飲水是常見錯誤——反致脫水與尿路感染，且濃縮尿液刺激膀胱加重急迫。護理原則：維護功能與尊嚴優先於便宜行事（包尿布）。",[24,26,28,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"功能性尿失禁",{"term":27,"count":10},"定時如廁訓練",{"term":29,"count":30},"自我照顧維持",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"凱格爾運動適應症",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-022","雙相情緒障礙症病人的誇大言辭，常使用何種心理防衛機轉掩飾內心的無助與自卑？",22,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-038","有關自殺危險因子之說明，下列敘述何者正確？①自殺危險因子廣布於生物、心理、社會、經濟、文化層面，絕非單一因素 ②自殺危險因子具有快速變動與不易測度的特質，故此自殺防範應單一統由專責人員負責 ③自殺的危險遠端因子中包括精神科疾病、致命工具的可近性 ④社會心理因素會與自殺相關，如重大失落事件",38,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-052","護理師參加社區所舉辦的「重陽節敬老健走」活動，以了解社區老人的健康體能狀況，此為何種社區評估方法？",52,109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-010","有關精神科護理中認知治療的敘述，下列何者最適當？",10,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-054","進行社區評估資料收集時，下列資料，何者無法從各鄉鎮區公所的戶政系統取得？",54,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-psychiatric-community-008","有關抗精神病藥物（antipsychotics）副作用之處理，下列何者正確？",8,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510726678]