[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-007":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-007","nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-007",107,2,7,"下列有關物質使用障礙（substance use disorders）之敘述，何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"酒精使用障礙症個案，長期營養不良及維生素 A 缺乏，致中樞神經病變，會出現可逆性失憶症狀，此症狀戒酒後會改善","海洛因戒斷（heroin withdrawal）最常出現的三大症狀是呼吸抑制、針狀瞳孔及嗜睡","K 他命（ketamine）為中樞神經興奮劑，具有明顯戒斷症狀","亞甲雙氧甲基安非他命（MDMA），俗稱搖頭丸，屬於中樞神經興奮劑，最嚴重後果可能是橫紋肌溶解或急性腎衰竭","D",null,[],"本題考點在於各類成癮物質的作用與後果辨識。亞甲雙氧甲基安非他命(MDMA,搖頭丸)屬中樞神經興奮劑,可致體溫過高、脫水,嚴重時橫紋肌溶解與急性腎衰竭,故 D 最適當。A 錯,酒精慢性使用致中樞病變的關鍵是維生素 B1(硫胺)缺乏,且 Korsakoff 失憶多為不可逆,並非維生素 A 缺乏、戒酒即改善的可逆性失憶。B 錯,呼吸抑制、針狀瞳孔、嗜睡是海洛因「過量中毒」的表現,戒斷反而是流淚流涕、散瞳、腹瀉等。C 錯,K 他命為解離性麻醉劑,戒斷症狀不明顯。","分類記憶:中樞興奮劑(安非他命、MDMA、古柯鹼)過量致高熱、心律不整、橫紋肌溶解、腎衰竭;鴉片類(海洛因)中毒三聯徵為呼吸抑制、針狀瞳孔、意識下降,戒斷則像重感冒;K 他命屬解離性麻醉劑,長期使用致膀胱病變。掌握「中毒」與「戒斷」常呈相反表現,並認清各物質的藥理分類,即可破解此類混淆題。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"物質使用障礙分類",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"MDMA 與橫紋肌溶解",{"term":30,"count":26},"海洛因中毒三聯徵",{"term":32,"count":26},"硫胺缺乏與失憶",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-008","有關病人出現的臨床精神症狀敘述，下列何者最適當？",8,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-024","呂小姐，42 歲，入院 4 週，預計下週出院，今天與護理師會談時提到自己的幻聽已改善很多，雖然仍會聽到一些聲音，不過內容已沒以前清楚，下列護理措施何者最適切？",24,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-038","人際關係理論探討思覺失調症（Schizophrenia）的病因，其指出思覺失調症病人早年大部分經歷過痛苦的親子關係，此為下列那位學者的觀點？",38,109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-076","下列那些是目前長期照顧十年計畫 2.0 的主要財源？①菸品健康福利捐 ②捐贈收入 ③長期照護保險費 ④全民健康保險費",76,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-040","有關慢性精神病人四段七級健康促進模式的主要策略，下列何者正確？",40,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-074","有關居家服務的敘述，下列何項錯誤？",74,112,"2026-09-04",1788510726540]