[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-074":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-074","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-074",107,2,74,"有關長期服用 prednisolone 的護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"在飯後服用或合併制酸劑使用","鼓勵採高蛋白、高醣及高鉀飲食","遭遇重大壓力時，應告知醫師調整劑量","告知病情穩定後，可依醫囑漸進式停藥","B",null,[],"本題考點在長期使用類固醇(prednisolone)的飲食與用藥衛教。依藥理作用,類固醇會促進醣質新生而升高血糖,故飲食應限制精緻糖與高醣,鼓勵『高醣』飲食並不恰當,錯誤者選 B。選項 A 正確,飯後服用或併用制酸劑可減少胃腸道刺激與潰瘍出血;選項 C 正確,重大壓力(手術、感染)時因外源性類固醇抑制自身腎上腺,需告知醫師增加劑量以避免腎上腺危象;選項 D 正確,病情穩定後須遵醫囑漸進式減量停藥,不可驟停以防腎上腺功能不足。故 B 的高醣建議與類固醇致高血糖的作用相牴觸。","長期類固醇的代謝影響:升血糖、促蛋白分解、鈉水滯留與排鉀、骨質流失、免疫抑制與胃黏膜傷害,並抑制下視丘-腦垂體-腎上腺軸。故飲食宜高蛋白(對抗分解)、高鉀(補流失)、高鈣(防骨鬆)、低鈉低糖。突然停藥或壓力下不加量會誘發腎上腺危象。口訣:低鈉低糖、補鉀補鈣補蛋白;慢慢減、壓力時加量。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"長期類固醇治療",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"類固醇致高血糖",{"term":30,"count":26},"腎上腺功能抑制",{"term":32,"count":26},"漸進式減量",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-075","有關甲狀腺機能亢進症之臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",75,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-011","病人抽出腹水 1,500 mL 後，可能出現下列何種徵象？",11,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-025","一位 26 歲新婚女性，有計畫懷孕，近日因心臟不適，經醫師診斷二尖瓣狹窄，並建議更換心臟瓣膜，有關瓣膜選擇與抗凝劑使用之敘述，下列何者最適當？",25,109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-063","泌尿道結石成分為尿酸時之處置與照護，下列何者正確？",63,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-027","關於雷諾氏病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",27,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-061","有關慢性腎絲球腎炎之敘述，下列何者正確？①肌酸酐清除率（CCr.）數值異常上升 ②血尿素氮及血肌酸酐的數值會異常升高 ③可由經皮腎臟組織切片檢查早期確診 ④腎皮質變厚及腎臟變大",61,112,"2026-09-04",1788510725540]