[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-068":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-068","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-068",107,2,68,"有關慢性腎衰竭典型之合併症，不包括下列何項？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"貧血","胃腸出血","月經不規則","副甲狀腺功能低下","D",null,[],"本題考點在慢性腎衰竭的典型合併症。依病生理,慢性腎衰竭會因活性維生素 D 生成減少、血磷上升與血鈣下降,刺激副甲狀腺代償性分泌增加,形成續發性副甲狀腺功能『亢進』而非低下,故不屬其合併症者選 D。選項 A 貧血屬典型合併症,因腎臟紅血球生成素(EPO)分泌減少;選項 B 胃腸出血可因尿毒素刺激腸胃黏膜與血小板功能不良而發生;選項 C 月經不規則因尿毒影響內分泌與性腺軸而常見。故四項中副甲狀腺功能低下方向相反,為正確答案。","慢性腎衰竭的礦物質骨病變機轉:腎功能下降→磷排除減少致高血磷、活性維生素 D(1,25-(OH)₂D)生成不足致低血鈣→兩者刺激副甲狀腺持續分泌 PTH→續發性副甲狀腺亢進、腎性骨病變。貧血源於 EPO 不足。口訣:腎壞了→磷高鈣低 D 不足→PTH 代償升高(亢進非低下),同時 EPO 少而貧血。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"續發性副甲狀腺亢進",{"term":27,"count":28},"慢性腎衰竭合併症",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"腎性貧血 EPO",{"term":32,"count":28},"鈣磷代謝異常",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-069","有關皮下注射胰島素吸收速率之比較，下列何者正確？",69,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-005","有關照護 HIV 感染者及共同生活者之護理指導，下列何者正確？",5,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":28},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-019","王先生，55 歲，身體質量指數為 30 kg\u002Fm 2 ，紅血球沉降速率正常範圍，主訴早晨起來關節疼痛與僵硬，在活動幾分鐘後可緩解僵硬。下列何者為王先生最可能的診斷？",19,109,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-057","下列那一種肺癌生長最快速，且最惡性但對化學及放射線治療敏感？",57,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-021","有關骨科手術合併症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-055","陳女士是氣喘病人，過去四週內發生：日間出現氣喘症狀每週一次、因氣喘在夜間醒來兩次、日常活動未因氣喘受影響、需要使用藥物緩解症狀每週超過兩次。依照 GINA（Global Initiative for Asthma, 2019）對氣喘控制程度，其屬於下列何者？",55,112,"2026-09-04",1788510725502]