[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-064":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-064","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-064",107,2,64,"有關預防膀胱癌之護理指導，下列何者不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"不抽菸並遠離二手菸","不吃含防腐劑和化學添加劑的食物","避免接觸染劑及有機溶劑","每天服用維生素 E 及相關之抗氧化製劑","D",null,[],"本題考點在膀胱癌危險因子的預防衛教。依流行病學證據,吸菸與職業性接觸芳香胺類染劑、有機溶劑是膀胱癌的主要危險因子,故避免這些暴露屬正確衛教;而每天服用維生素 E 及抗氧化製劑並無實證能預防膀胱癌,常規補充抗氧化劑並非公認的預防措施,故不適當者選 D。選項 A 不抽菸並遠離二手菸,正確,菸草是最重要可改變的危險因子;選項 B 減少防腐劑與化學添加物攝取,方向正確;選項 C 避免接觸染劑與有機溶劑,直接對應職業暴露風險,正確。","膀胱癌最強的可改變危險因子是吸菸,其次是芳香胺(染料、橡膠、皮革、油漆業)的職業暴露,致癌物經腎排入尿液長時間接觸膀胱黏膜。預防以戒菸、避免職業致癌物、充足水分稀釋並縮短致癌物停留為主。抗氧化維生素補充劑缺乏預防實證,考題以此作為不恰當選項。口訣:戒菸、避染劑、多喝水;吞維他命不算預防。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"吸菸",{"term":27,"count":28},"膀胱癌危險因子",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"芳香胺職業暴露",{"term":32,"count":28},"抗氧化劑無實證",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-065","有關接受前列腺切除術病人之護理措施與指導，下列何者錯誤？",65,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":28,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-001","有關病毒性腦膜炎的處置，下列何者正確？",108,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":28},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-015","肝穿刺切片檢查時，為避免橫膈穿孔與肝臟撕裂傷，教導病人當針頭插入肝臟時應採取的動作，下列何者正確？",15,109,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-053","有關放置胸管（chest tube）病人的照護，下列何者正確？",53,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-017","有關黃疸的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",17,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-051","評估一位氣胸且剛接上胸管病人的胸腔水下引流系統裝置，下列何者為不正常現象？",51,112,"2026-09-04",1788510725469]