[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-016","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-016",107,2,16,"有關急性胰臟炎之敘述，下列何者正確？①最常見的病因為膽石症及酒精 ②血清澱粉酶（amylase）及鈣（calcium）上升 ③出血性胰臟炎會出現 Rovsing sign ④ 會造成電解質及酸鹼不平衡",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①④","②③","③④","B",null,[],"本題考點是急性胰臟炎的病因、檢驗與併發症。正確者為①最常見病因為膽石症及酒精、④會造成電解質及酸鹼不平衡,故選 B(①④)。①正確:膽結石阻塞與酗酒是急性胰臟炎兩大最常見成因。④正確:胰臟炎可因嘔吐、體液滯留第三間隙與脂肪皂化等,導致電解質(尤鈣、鉀)與酸鹼失衡。②錯誤:血清澱粉酶(amylase)確會上升,但血鈣是「下降」而非上升——因脂肪壞死與鈣結合(皂化)消耗血鈣,故②不成立。③錯誤:Rovsing sign 是闌尾炎徵象;出血性胰臟炎的特徵性表現為 Cullen sign(臍周瘀斑)與 Grey Turner sign(側腹瘀斑),故③不成立。含②或③者(A、C、D)皆錯,唯 B 正確。","急性胰臟炎機轉為胰酶被提早活化而自我消化胰腺組織。診斷:血清 amylase、lipase 升高(lipase 更專一持久);低血鈣是脂肪皂化(saponification)消耗鈣所致,為預後不良指標(Ranson criteria 之一)。出血性(壞死性)胰臟炎滲血入腹膜後,可見 Cullen(臍周)與 Grey Turner(側腹)瘀斑。護理重點為禁食讓胰臟休息、止痛、補液矯正電解質。誘答常把「低血鈣」寫成「高血鈣」、把闌尾的 Rovsing 搬來,務必辨清。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"急性胰臟炎",4,{"term":28,"count":29},"膽石症與酒精病因",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"低血鈣(脂肪皂化)",{"term":33,"count":29},"Cullen與Grey Turner徵象",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-017","有關骨折病人使用勃克式牽引（Buck’s traction）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",17,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-033","放射線治療對下列何類細胞的治療效果較差？",33,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-047","下列何者為自體免疫血清反應之實驗室檢查？",47,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-005","會影響吞嚥動作之腦神經，下列何者正確？①CN III ②CN VII ③CN IX ④CN X ⑤CN XI",5,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-049","有關器官移植後之護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",49,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-003","有關糖尿病病人運動之護理指導，下列何者正確？①運動可降低細胞對胰島素的敏感性而降低血糖 ②運動最好在飯後 1～2 小時做 ③運動型態建議使用大肌肉群的有氧運動 ④切勿注射完胰島素後立刻運動，以免發生高血糖現象",3,112,"2026-09-04",1788510725024]