[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-015","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-015",107,2,15,"有關肝硬化主要之合併症，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"腹水","高血壓","肝性腦病變","食道靜脈曲張","B",null,[],"本題考點是肝硬化的主要合併症,要選出錯誤者。肝硬化因肝纖維化與門脈高壓,引發腹水、食道靜脈曲張與肝性腦病變等併發症;而系統性高血壓並非肝硬化的合併症,肝硬化反因低白蛋白與血管擴張傾向低血壓,故 B「高血壓」錯誤。A 正確:門脈高壓與低白蛋白造成血漿膠體滲透壓下降,液體滲入腹腔形成腹水。C 正確:肝功能衰竭致血氨升高引發肝性腦病變。D 正確:門脈高壓使血流繞道經食道靜脈,形成食道靜脈曲張,破裂會大出血。三者皆源於門脈高壓或肝功能不全,唯 B 與其病生理不符,故為錯誤答案。","肝硬化併發症多可回推到「門脈高壓」與「肝合成\u002F解毒功能下降」兩根源:門脈高壓→腹水、食道胃底靜脈曲張、脾腫大、痔瘡;合成不足→低白蛋白(加重腹水、水腫)、凝血因子缺乏(易出血);解毒不足→血氨堆積致肝性腦病變、黃疸。此處提及的是門脈壓升高而非體循環動脈壓升高,兩者不可混為一談,B 的「高血壓」正是把門脈高壓誤讀為系統性高血壓的陷阱。",[24,27,29,30],{"term":25,"count":26},"門脈高壓",5,{"term":14,"count":28},3,{"term":17,"count":28},{"term":31,"count":32},"肝硬化合併症",1,[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-016","有關急性胰臟炎之敘述，下列何者正確？①最常見的病因為膽石症及酒精 ②血清澱粉酶（amylase）及鈣（calcium）上升 ③出血性胰臟炎會出現 Rovsing sign ④ 會造成電解質及酸鹼不平衡",16,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-032","有關高血壓病人的護理指導，下列何者最不適當？",32,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-046","有關後天免疫之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",46,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-004","因車禍造成左側胸椎第 6 節受傷的病人，出現脊髓半側截斷症候群，下列敘述何者正確？",4,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":32},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-048","有關後天免疫缺乏症候群（Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",48,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":10,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-112-2-medical-surgical-002","有關重症肌無力病人之藥物使用護理指導，下列敘述何者正確？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510725015]