[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-011":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-2-內外科護理學-011","nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-011",107,2,11,"有關胃食道逆流的臨床表徵，下列何者最不常見？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"腹瀉","心灼熱感","反胃感","吞嚥困難","A",null,[],"本題考點是胃食道逆流(GERD)的臨床表徵,要選出最不常見者。GERD 因胃酸逆流刺激食道,典型症狀為心灼熱感(火燒心)、反胃感,並可因慢性刺激造成吞嚥困難;腹瀉屬下消化道排便異常,與胃酸逆流的病生理無直接關聯,故 A「腹瀉」最不常見,為答案。B 心灼熱感是 GERD 最典型的症狀,平躺或飯後加重。C 反胃感(酸液或食物逆流至咽喉口腔)亦為常見表現。D 吞嚥困難可因長期逆流致食道發炎、狹窄或蠕動異常而出現。三者皆屬上消化道逆流相關症狀,唯 A 屬下消化道,與 GERD 最不相干。","GERD 機轉為下食道括約肌(LES)張力不足或鬆弛,使胃內容物逆流,症狀集中於「胸骨後與咽喉」:火燒心、反酸、吞嚥困難、慢性咳嗽、聲音沙啞、非心因性胸痛。長期併發症含逆流性食道炎、食道狹窄與 Barrett's 食道(癌前變化)。護理與生活衛教方向為餐後勿平躺、抬高床頭、減重、避免高脂與刺激性飲食。腹瀉屬腸道問題,方向即已錯離逆流病生理。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"下食道括約肌",4,{"term":17,"count":28},3,{"term":30,"count":31},"胃食道逆流GERD",1,{"term":15,"count":31},[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-012","有關胃潰瘍與十二指腸潰瘍之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",12,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-028","下列病人描述何者不是穩定型心絞痛疼痛之典型特徵？",28,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-042","有關燒傷水療法之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",42,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-080","有關手部衛生之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":31},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-044","有關決定膚色的黑色素細胞主要分布在下列那一層？",44,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":31},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-078","有關敗血症生理病理機轉之敘述，下列何者正確？①細菌感染引發腫瘤壞死因子活化產生微小血栓 ②微生物侵入人體造成微血管通透性增加、全身循環血量增加 ③全身代謝狀態升高造成細胞耗氧量增加，但組織血流灌注降低，產生代謝性酸中毒 ④因心臟受刺激出現血壓上升，可能引發尿量增加",78,112,"2026-09-04",1788510724986]