[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-079","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-079",107,2,79,"下列病毒何者在複製過程中，並未經過反轉錄（reverse transcription）的階段？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"人類免疫缺乏病毒（HIV）","B 型肝炎病毒（HBV）","人類噬 T 淋巴球病毒（HTLV）","依波拉病毒（Ebola virus）","D",null,[],"本題考點在辨識病毒複製過程是否經反轉錄(reverse transcription)。依病毒學,HIV與HTLV屬反轉錄病毒(retrovirus),以RNA為模板經反轉錄酶合成DNA;B型肝炎病毒(HBV)雖為DNA病毒,但複製中會以前基因體RNA為模板反轉錄回DNA,故亦使用反轉錄。依波拉病毒(Ebola)為負股單股RNA病毒(filovirus),以RNA依賴型RNA聚合酶複製,不經反轉錄階段,故選D。","分類記憶:需反轉錄者=反轉錄病毒(HIV、HTLV)+嗜肝DNA病毒(HBV,獨特的DNA→RNA→反轉錄→DNA中間步驟)。Ebola屬(-)ssRNA病毒,攜帶自身RNA聚合酶直接RNA→mRNA\u002F複製,全程不碰DNA中間物。臨床連結:反轉錄酶是抗病毒藥標的(HIV用反轉錄酶抑制劑如zidovudine;HBV亦用具反轉錄酶抑制作用之藥物如entecavir、tenofovir),而Ebola無此標的。口訣:HIV、HTLV、HBV都要反轉錄,Ebola是唯一例外。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"反轉錄酶",{"term":28,"count":29},"反轉錄病毒(retrovirus)",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"HBV反轉錄複製",{"term":33,"count":29},"依波拉病毒((-)ssRNA)",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-080","有關有鉤絛蟲（Taenia solium）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-016","下列對於滑車神經（trochlear nerve）的敘述，何者錯誤？",16,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-030","下列那個維生素（vitamin）會出現在乳糜微粒（chylomicron）中？",30,109,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-068","下列何者目前沒有疫苗可以預防？",68,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-032","下列降血壓藥物，何者初次服用會造成姿態性低血壓，可給予較少的起始劑量或睡前服用？",32,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-026","缺鐵性貧血（iron deficiency anemia）的紅血球，其形態有何特徵？",26,113,"2026-09-04",1788510724065]