[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-073":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-073","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-073",107,2,73,"下列何種細菌較容易引起抗生素相關腹瀉（antibiotic-associated diarrhea）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"空腸曲狀桿菌（Campylobacter jejuni）","困難梭孢桿菌（Clostridium difficile）","產氣梭孢桿菌（Clostridium perfringens）","仙人掌桿菌（Bacillus cereus）","B",null,[],"本題考點在於抗生素相關腹瀉的病原。依微生物學，廣效抗生素破壞腸道正常菌叢後，具孢子、耐藥的困難梭孢桿菌（Clostridium difficile）過度增生並釋放毒素 A\u002FB，造成偽膜性結腸炎，是抗生素相關腹瀉最典型元凶，故選 B。A 錯，Campylobacter jejuni 多為食源性腸炎，非抗生素相關。C 錯，Clostridium perfringens 造成食物中毒與氣性壞疽。D 錯，Bacillus cereus 引起炒飯型食物中毒（嘔吐或腹瀉毒素），皆非因抗生素誘發。","C. difficile 機轉：抗生素（clindamycin、fluoroquinolone、廣效 cephalosporin 為高風險）清除競爭菌叢，孢子萌發、毒素 A（腸毒素）與 B（細胞毒素）破壞腸黏膜形成偽膜。診斷靠糞便毒素或 GDH＋NAAT；治療改用口服 vancomycin 或 fidaxomicin，嚴重復發者考慮糞菌移植。孢子對酒精性乾洗手抗性，接觸防護須以肥皂洗手並用漂白水清消環境。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"Clostridium difficile",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"抗生素相關腹瀉",{"term":31,"count":27},"偽膜性結腸炎",{"term":33,"count":27},"腸道菌叢失衡",{"term":35,"count":27},"毒素 A\u002FB",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-074","下列何種細菌感染症較少經由節肢動物（arthropod）傳播？",74,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-010","二尖瓣的功能在於防止血液逆流至：",10,108,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-024","在排卵後一天，與排卵日相比，下列何種激素在血中的濃度不會下降？",24,109,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何種藥物可用於治療肢端肥大症（acromegaly）？",62,110,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-026","55 歲男性患有咳嗽數月並伴有體重減輕和發熱，肺臟組織學檢查發現多發性乾酪樣肉芽腫，此病人最有可能感染下列何種微生物？",26,111,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":27},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-020","下列那一個內臟的位移痛（referred pain）出現在左手臂內側皮膚？",20,113,"2026-09-04",1788510723986]