[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-065":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-065","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-065",107,2,65,"下列何類抗生素主要影響細菌 DNA 的複製？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"立汎黴素（rifampin）","β-內醯胺抗生素（β-lactam antibiotics）","奎諾酮類（quinolones）","胺基醣苷類（aminoglycosides）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於抗生素作用機轉的分類。依藥理，奎諾酮類（quinolones）抑制細菌 DNA gyrase（拓樸異構酶 II）與 topoisomerase IV，阻斷 DNA 複製與超螺旋解旋，故選 C。A 錯，rifampin 抑制 DNA 依賴性 RNA polymerase，作用於「轉錄」而非 DNA 複製。B 錯，β-lactam 抑制細胞壁 peptidoglycan 合成。D 錯，aminoglycosides 結合 30S 核糖體、造成錯讀，屬蛋白質合成抑制。四者機轉不同，僅 quinolones 直接打擊 DNA 複製機器。","抗生素靶點速記：細胞壁（β-lactam、vancomycin）、蛋白質合成 30S（aminoglycoside、tetracycline）、50S（macrolide、chloramphenicol、clindamycin）、DNA 複製（quinolone 打 gyrase）、RNA 轉錄（rifampin 打 RNA polymerase）、葉酸合成（sulfonamide、trimethoprim）。gyrase 在革蘭氏陰性菌為主要標靶，topoisomerase IV 在陽性菌，這也解釋不同 quinolone 的抗菌譜差異。",[25,27,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":11},"DNA gyrase",{"term":28,"count":29},"quinolones",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"拓樸異構酶",{"term":33,"count":29},"rifampin 抑制轉錄",{"term":35,"count":29},"抗生素作用機轉",[37,41,45,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-066","下列何者是抗體的功能？",66,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":11,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-002","有關表皮的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-016","下列何種器官不釋放內分泌激素？",16,109,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-054","腎臟功能不良的高齡病人，若以 vancomycin 治療其嚴重感染症，要特別注意下列何種副作用？",54,110,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-018","人體內胰島 β 細胞被破壞時，不會產生下列何種反應？",18,111,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-113-1-basic-medicine-012","組成踝關節（ankle joint）的骨骼，除脛骨、腓骨之外還包括：",12,113,"2026-09-04",1788510723920]