[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-042","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-042",107,2,42,"缺血性腸病（ischemic bowel disease）中，發生全腸壁性梗塞（transmural infarction）最主要的原因為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"長期服用口服避孕藥","肝硬化","放射線治療","腸繫膜動脈的急性阻塞","D",null,[],"本題考點是缺血性腸病造成全腸壁性梗塞的主因。依腸道血流病理,全腸壁性（transmural）梗塞代表大血管突然完全阻斷、側枝來不及代償,最主要原因是腸繫膜動脈的急性阻塞（血栓或栓子),使該段腸壁全層缺血壞死,故選 D。A 口服避孕藥雖增高凝血傾向,但較常與靜脈血栓相關,非典型全腸壁梗塞主因。B 肝硬化造成門脈高壓,主要影響靜脈鬱血,非急性動脈阻塞。C 放射線治療引起的是慢性放射性腸炎、纖維化與黏膜層損傷,屬慢性、表淺性缺血,而非急性全層梗塞。","缺血深度對比:黏膜層梗塞（mucosal infarction）多因低灌流、慢性缺血,只傷最易缺氧的黏膜;全腸壁梗塞（transmural infarction）＝主幹動脈急性完全阻塞（栓子多來自心房顫動、心肌梗塞後附壁血栓;血栓多在既有動脈粥狀硬化上形成)。上腸繫膜動脈是最常受累血管。臨床特徵典型為「疼痛程度與理學檢查不成比例」的劇痛。時間就是腸子——延誤易致腸壞死與腹膜炎。可連結:心房顫動栓子來源、腸繫膜動脈解剖、腸道分水嶺區。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"全腸壁性梗塞",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"腸繫膜動脈急性阻塞",{"term":31,"count":27},"栓子與血栓",{"term":33,"count":27},"黏膜層缺血對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-043","關於克隆氏病（Crohn disease）的敘述，下列何者正確？① 多侷限在迴腸（ileum）末端，也會侵犯結腸（colon） ②潰瘍十分表淺 ③潰瘍與潰瘍之間的正常黏膜有如鵝卵石般 ④常出現肉芽腫（granulomas） ⑤腸壁會變薄且嚴重擴大",43,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-059","下列 NSAIDs 藥物中，何者產生出血的機會最低？",59,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-073","與未成熟的樹突細胞比較，下列何者是活化後的樹突細胞的主要免疫作用？",73,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-031","腎臟對水的再吸收與下列何種離子最為相關？",31,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-075","下列那一種細菌與引起非典型肺炎（atypical pneumonia）較為無關？",75,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-039","下列化療藥物中，何者主要使用於腦瘤治療？",39,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510723670]