[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-039","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-039",107,2,39,"吸入下列何者最有可能導致間皮瘤（mesothelioma）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"碳粉","矽末","石棉","灰塵","C",null,[],"本題考點是間皮瘤的職業性致病因子。依環境病理學,石棉（asbestos）纖維吸入後長期沉積於肋膜,是惡性間皮瘤最明確的致病因子,潛伏期可長達數十年,故選 C。A 碳粉吸入造成的是無害或輕度的碳末沉著（anthracosis）,不致癌。B 矽末（silica）長期吸入導致矽肺症（silicosis）與肺纖維化,主要造成間質性肺病而非間皮瘤。D 一般灰塵不具間皮瘤致病特異性。石棉同時也增加支氣管肺癌風險,且與吸菸有加成作用,是本題最具鑑別度的職業暴露。","機轉:石棉纖維細長、生物持久性高,沉積肋膜後引發慢性發炎、氧化壓力與染色體損傷,經數十年潛伏期發展為惡性間皮瘤;胸膜斑（pleural plaque）是石棉暴露的指標性影像表現。對比記憶:石棉→間皮瘤＋肺癌;矽末→矽肺症;煤塵→煤工塵肺症;碳粉→無害碳末沉著。加成效應:石棉暴露者若又吸菸,肺癌風險大幅倍增。可連結:職業暴露史問診、潛伏期概念、肋膜。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"惡性間皮瘤",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"石棉 asbestos",{"term":31,"count":27},"肋膜與胸膜斑",{"term":33,"count":27},"矽肺症對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-040","黴漿菌（Mycoplasma pneumonia）肺炎的病理特徵為何？",40,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-056","下列何者為 pilocarpine 的拮抗劑？",56,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-070","下列何者為胸腺的功能？",70,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-028","12 歲的王同學因為外傷造成兩側睪丸嚴重受損被迫切除，下列何者為手術後的生理變化？",28,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-072","關於肉毒桿菌（Clostridium botulinum ）引發食物中毒的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-036","下列藥物中，何者可以拮抗第一型 angiotensin II（AT1）受體，使小動脈及靜脈舒張，達到降血壓的效果？",36,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510723624]