[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-037":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-037","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-037",107,2,37,"關於異生（dysplasia）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"長期吸菸者的呼吸道上皮被成熟的複層鱗狀上皮（stratified squamous epithelium）所取代即為異生","異生不會發生在化生的上皮（metaplastic epithelium）","子宮頸原位癌（cervical carcinoma in situ）屬於重度異生（severe dysplasia）","異生不會回復為正常上皮","C",null,[],"本題考點是異生（dysplasia）的定義與可逆性。依腫瘤前病變概念,異生指上皮出現細胞大小形態不一、極性喪失、核質比增高等紊亂性增生;當異生佔上皮全層即為「原位癌」,子宮頸原位癌即屬重度異生,故 C 正確。A 錯,長期吸菸使呼吸道柱狀上皮被「成熟」鱗狀上皮取代,那是化生（metaplasia）而非異生,異生需有細胞異型性。B 錯,異生常正是發生在化生的上皮上（如支氣管化生後續異生）。D 錯,異生屬可逆性病變,去除刺激後仍可能回復正常,這是它與癌症的關鍵區別。","階梯記憶:正常→化生（metaplasia,一種成熟細胞換成另一種成熟細胞,可逆）→異生（dysplasia,出現異型性,仍可逆）→原位癌（carcinoma in situ,全層異生但未穿基底膜)→侵襲癌（突破基底膜）。子宮頸的 CIN 分級對應:CIN1＝輕度、CIN2＝中度、CIN3＝重度異生／原位癌。關鍵界線:未穿破基底膜前皆屬「原位」,穿破後才是侵襲。異生≠癌,去除誘因（如戒菸、清除 HPV）有機會回復,是本題最常被誤判為不可逆的陷阱。可連結:HPV 與子宮頸癌、基底膜。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"異生 dysplasia 定義",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"化生 metaplasia 對比",{"term":31,"count":27},"子宮頸原位癌屬重度異生",{"term":33,"count":27},"異生可逆性",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-038","急性酒精中毒最主要影響人體的何部位？",38,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-054","有關抗癌藥物之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",54,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-068","有關奇異變形桿菌（Proteus mirabilis）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",68,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-026","有關紅血球生成素（erythropoietin）的分泌與作用，下列那些敘述正確？①缺氧時會分泌減少 ②主要在腎臟合成分泌 ③可促進紅血球之生成 ④主要標的器官為紅骨髓",26,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-070","下列何者是主要引起敗血症全身性反應的因子？",70,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-034","下列有關 Propranolol 特性和作用之敘述，何者錯誤？",34,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510723608]