[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-031":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-031","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-031",107,2,31,"有關鐵代謝之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鐵是生成血紅素與許多酵素所需，故食物中超過半數的鐵會被吸收","鐵經由輔助擴散（facilitated diffusion）的方式，進入小腸上皮細胞","鐵進入體內，會與鐵蛋白（ferritin）結合被儲存起來","控制腸道吸收與增加尿液排除在調控人體鐵恆定時同等重要","C",null,[],"本題考點在鐵在體內的儲存與吸收調控。依鐵代謝原理,吸收進入腸黏膜細胞的鐵,超過即時需求的部分會與鐵蛋白（ferritin）結合成可溶儲存型,存於黏膜細胞與肝、脾等處,故 C 正確。A 錯在食物鐵吸收率很低,只約 10–20%（血基質鐵較高、非血基質鐵更低),絕非超過半數。B 錯在腸黏膜對非血基質鐵（Fe²⁺）的攝入是經 DMT1 的主動載體運輸,並非不耗能的輔助擴散。D 錯在人體鐵恆定幾乎只靠「調控腸道吸收」這一入口端,因為身體缺乏主動排鐵機制,尿液排鐵極微,兩者並非同等重要。","核心觀念:鐵是「只進難出」的元素。腸細胞頂端以 DMT1 攝入 Fe²⁺,細胞內鐵若需輸出則經基底側 ferroportin,再由 hepcidin 調控;過量鐵存為 ferritin,黏膜細胞脫落時連同未輸出的鐵一起排掉（黏膜阻隔 mucosal block）。記憶對比:ferritin＝可溶、日常儲存;hemosiderin＝鐵過載時的不可溶聚集。恆定重點在「吸收端調控」而非排泄端,故鐵過載（如反覆輸血、海洋性貧血）難以自行代償,臨床才需排鐵治療。可連結:transferrin（運輸型）、TIBC、hepcidin 與發炎性貧血的關係。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"鐵蛋白 ferritin",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"非血基質鐵吸收率",{"term":31,"count":27},"DMT1 主動運輸",{"term":33,"count":27},"鐵恆定以吸收端調控",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-032","下列何種情況最可能導致代謝性鹼中毒（metabolic alkalosis）？",32,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-048","軟骨發育不全（Achondroplasia）的病人，他們的特徵符合下列那項敘述？",48,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-062","leucovorin 與下列何種抗癌藥物同時使用，可以減低抗癌藥物的不良副作用？",62,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-020","二氧化碳在血液中運送的各種形式，其中比例最高的形式是下列何者？",20,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-064","當前往瘧疾疫區旅行，得知該區疫情已經對 chloroquine 產生抗藥性時，下列何者為最佳預防用藥？",64,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-028","下列何者是兒童最常見的白血病？",28,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510723560]