[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-026","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-026",107,2,26,"關於紅血球的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"雙凹扁平圓盤狀","具有細胞核與粒線體","功能為運輸氧與二氧化碳","老舊的紅血球會被肝臟、脾臟及骨髓的巨噬細胞破壞","B",null,[],"本題考點在成熟紅血球的構造特徵。哺乳類成熟紅血球在發育後期會排出細胞核並失去粒線體等胞器,以騰出空間容納最多血紅素,故「具有細胞核與粒線體」的敘述錯誤,選 B。因無粒線體,紅血球只能靠無氧糖解產生 ATP。A 雙凹扁平圓盤狀增加表面積與變形能力以利氣體交換與通過微血管,正確;C 藉血紅素運輸氧,並以碳酸氫根與攜帶方式運送二氧化碳,正確;D 老舊紅血球約 120 天後由肝、脾、骨髓的巨噬細胞吞噬分解,正確。無核無粒線體是紅血球的關鍵特徵。","紅血球去核去胞器的代價與好處:好處是雙凹盤可最大化攜氧與變形力、順利穿過脾竇窄縫;代價是無法自我修復,壽命約 120 天。因無粒線體改走無氧糖解,故不消耗自己運送的氧。老化紅血球被脾巨噬細胞分解,血紅素中的鐵回收再利用、血基質轉為膽紅素經肝排入膽汁,可連結造血與膽紅素代謝複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"紅血球",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"無細胞核",{"term":31,"count":27},"無粒線體",{"term":33,"count":27},"血紅素",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-027","有關扁桃體的敘述，下列何者正確？",27,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-043","一個 2 歲的孩童，體重只有正常小孩的 60%，出現全身性水腫、腹水、皮膚顯現不規則的色素沈著區及髮色改變，此孩童最有可能發生下列何種疾病？",43,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-057","在藥物作用於受體層次上，重複給予下列何者藥物，不會造成 β-腎上腺素受體去敏感性？",57,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是由腹膜（peritoneum）衍生形成的構造？",15,110,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-059","下列抗高血壓治療藥物，何者不會產生心搏過速之副作用？",59,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":63},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-023","下列那一種疾病最常發生非化膿性增殖性滑液膜炎（proliferative synovitis）？",23,112,3,"2026-09-04",1788510723497]