[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-022","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-022",107,2,22,"肉毒桿菌毒素造成肌肉麻痺的原因為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"關閉肌肉細胞膜上鉀離子通道，造成鈣離子通道開啟","促進神經突觸末端乙醯膽鹼（acetylcholine）釋放","破壞 SNARE 蛋白複合體，阻斷神經突觸末端乙醯膽鹼釋放","阻斷神經細胞膜上鈣離子通道開啟，抑制乙醯膽鹼釋放","C",null,[],"本題考點在肉毒桿菌毒素的分子機轉。肉毒桿菌毒素是一種蛋白酶,會切割並破壞神經末梢的 SNARE 蛋白複合體,使含乙醯膽鹼的突觸小泡無法與細胞膜融合、釋放受阻,運動終板得不到乙醯膽鹼而造成鬆弛性(弛緩性)麻痺,故機轉為破壞 SNARE 蛋白、阻斷乙醯膽鹼釋放,選 C。A 離子通道敘述與肉毒毒素機轉不符;B 促進乙醯膽鹼釋放方向恰相反;D 阻斷鈣通道並非肉毒毒素的作用點,其標的是 SNARE 蛋白而非鈣通道。切割 SNARE、阻止囊泡融合是關鍵。","神經肌肉傳遞需鈣離子進入促使突觸小泡經 SNARE 蛋白(synaptobrevin、SNAP-25、syntaxin)與膜融合釋放乙醯膽鹼;肉毒毒素切割 SNARE 使融合失敗故麻痺,破傷風毒素則作用於中樞抑制性神經造成僵直性痙攣,兩者機轉相反可對比記憶。臨床上肉毒毒素用於除皺、眼瞼痙攣與局部肌張力異常,連結神經肌肉接合生理複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"肉毒桿菌毒素",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"SNARE 蛋白",{"term":31,"count":11},"乙醯膽鹼釋放",{"term":33,"count":34},"神經肌肉接合",1,[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何因素可抑制腦下腺分泌生長激素（growth hormone）？",23,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-039","下列那條血管與硬腦膜外血腫（epidural hematoma）關聯性最大？",39,108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-053","每天服用一次低劑量（80～120 mg）的阿斯匹林（aspirin），可降低動脈血栓發生的機率，此作用是抑制體內何種物質的生合成？",53,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":34},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-011","下列男性生殖系統，何者具有靜纖毛（stereocilia）構造，以及儲存精子的功能？",11,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":34},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-055","Buspirone 治療慢性泛焦慮症，主要透過下列何種受體？",55,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-019","下列何者屬於腸道神經系統（enteric nervous system）？",19,112,"2026-09-04",1788510723446]