[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-017":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-2-基礎醫學-017","nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-017",107,2,17,"關於「粒線體特性」的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"內腔結構充滿基質（matrix）","粒線體 DNA 與組蛋白（histone）結合","粒線體的形成可靠粒線體本身 DNA 轉錄、轉譯完成","提供身體約 20%的核苷三磷酸（ATP）能量來源","A",null,[],"本題考點在粒線體的構造與功能特性。粒線體具內外兩層膜,內膜向內摺成嵴,所包圍的內腔空間充滿基質(matrix),其中含檸檬酸循環酵素與粒線體 DNA,故敘述正確者為 A。B 錯在粒線體 DNA 為環狀且不與組蛋白結合,呈裸露狀,類似細菌;C 錯在粒線體的生成需要細胞核 DNA 與自身 DNA 共同編碼,無法僅靠本身 DNA 獨立完成蛋白合成;D 錯在數值,粒線體透過氧化磷酸化供應細胞約九成以上的 ATP,遠高於 20%。掌握「基質、環狀裸 DNA、雙基因協同、供能約 90%」四特徵可完整排除。","粒線體的內共生學說可解釋其特徵:它源自被吞入的古細菌,故保留環狀裸 DNA、自有核糖體、可自我分裂。內膜嵴上排列電子傳遞鏈與 ATP 合成酶,基質進行檸檬酸循環與脂肪酸 β 氧化。粒線體 DNA 只由母系遺傳,突變與部分遺傳性肌病、神經退化有關,可連結細胞呼吸與能量代謝複習。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"粒線體",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"氧化磷酸化",{"term":31,"count":32},"基質",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"粒線體 DNA",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-018","下列何種毒素會抑制乙醯膽鹼酯酶（acetylcholinesterase, AChE）？",18,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何項屬於與 X 性染色體（X-linked）相關之遺傳疾病？",34,108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-048","類風濕性關節炎的病理特徵為何？",48,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-006","下列那個胃腺細胞，主要產生鹽酸與內在因子？",6,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":32},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-050","使用下列何種吸入性麻醉劑，最易引起心律不整（cardiac arrhythmia）之副作用？",50,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-112-3-basic-medicine-014","下列何者與行為動機（motivation）和獎賞（reward）路徑最為相關？",14,112,"2026-09-04",1788510723389]